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Incidence of metabolic syndrome in adults with healthy weight, normal weight obesity, and overweight/obesity

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 85; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.nut.2020.111134

1873-1244

Carla Cristine Nascimento da Silva Coelho, Maylla Luanna Barbosa Martins Bragança, Bianca Rodrigues de Oliveira, Heloísa Bettiol, Marco Antônio Barbieri, Viviane Cunha Cardoso, Antônio Augusto Moura da Silva,

Nutritional Studies and Diet

The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in individuals with a healthy weight (HWI), normal weight obesity (NWO), or overweight/obesity (OWO). In all, 787 adults belonging to a 1978/1979 birth cohort from Ribeirão Preto were placed into one of three groups: HWI (body mass index [BMI] ≥18.5 and <25 kg/m2 + ∑skinfolds ≤90th percentile); NWO (BMI ≥18.5 and 90th percentile); and OWO (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 +∑skinfolds >90th percentile). Those diagnosed with MetS at the 23 to 25 y of age were excluded according to Joint Interim Statement criteria. The incidence of MetS and its components in individuals 37 to 39 y of age was evaluated by Poisson regression with robust estimation of variance, which was adjusted for family income; physical activity level; and daily intake of calories, lipids, and added sugar. MetS was detected in 279 adults at 37 to 39 y of age. NWO and OWO individuals showed higher risk ratios (RRs) for the development of MetS (RR,1.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.36–2.57; RR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.29–2.03), increased blood glucose levels (RR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.12–2.79; RR, 1.51; 95% CI, 1.12–2.04), and increased waist circumferences (RR, 1.46; 95% CI, 1.32–1.61; RR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.38–1.62). There was a higher risk for increased blood pressure (RR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.35–2.19) among OWO individuals, but not among those with NWO. Individuals with NWO have a risk ratio for MetS similar to individuals with OWO. This demonstrates the need to assess body fat percentages, even in BMI-designated normal weight individuals, both for prevention and management of obesity.