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VHE gamma-ray detection of FSRQ QSO B1420+326 and modeling of its enhanced broadband state in 2020

2020; EDP Sciences; Volume: 647; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1051/0004-6361/202039687

1432-0746

V. A. Acciari, Stefano Ansoldi, L. A. Antonelli, A. Arbet Engels, Manuel Artero, Katsuaki Asano, Dominik Baack, A. Babić, Andrés Baquero, U. Barres de Almeida, J. A. Barrio, J. Becerra González, W. Bednarek, Lorenzo Bellizzi, E. Bernardini, M. Bernardos, A. Berti, Jürgen Besenrieder, W. Bhattacharyya, C. Bigongiari, A. Biland, O. Blanch, G. Bonnoli, Ž. Bošnjak, G. Busetto, R. Carosi, Giovanni Ceribella, M. Cerruti, Yating Chai, A. Chilingarian, S. Cikota, S. M. Colak, E. Colombo, J. L. Contreras, J. Cortina, S. Covino, Giacomo D’Amico, V. D’Elia, P. Da Vela, F. Dazzi, A. De Angelis, B. De Lotto, M. Delfino, J. Delgado, C. Delgado Mendez, Davide Depaoli, F. Di Pierro, L. Di Venere, E. Do Souto Espiñeira, D. Dominis Prester, Alice Donini, D. Dorner, M. Doro, D. Elsäesser, V. Fallah Ramazanı, Alicia Fattorini, G. Ferrara, Luca Foffano, M. V. Fonseca, L. Font, C. Fruck, Satoshi Fukami, R. J. Garcı́a López, M. Garczarczyk, Sargis Gasparyan, M. Gaug, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, Paweł Gliwny, N. Godinović, Jarred Gershon Green, D. Green, D. Hadasch, A. Hahn, Lea Heckmann, J. Herrera, John Hoang, Dario Hrupec, Moritz Hütten, Tomohiro Inada, Susumu Inoue, Kazuma Ishio, Y. Iwamura, Jenni Jormanainen, L. Jouvin, Y. Kajiwara, Marie Karjalainen, D. Kerszberg, Yukiho Kobayashi, H. Kubo, J. Kushida, A. Lamastra, A. La Barbera, F. Leone, E. Lindfors, S. Lombardi, F. Longo, R. López-Coto, Marcos López, A. López-Oramas, S. Loporchio, B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, C. Maggio, P. Majumdar, M. Makariev, M. Mallamaci, G. Maneva, M. Manganaro, K. Mannheim, L. Maraschi, M. Mariotti, M. Martı́nez, D. Mazin, S. Mender, S. Mičanović, Davide Miceli, Tjark Miener, M. Minev, J. M. Miranda, R. Mirzoyan, E. Molina, A. Moralejo, Daniel Morcuende, V. Moreno, E. Moretti, V. Neustroev, Cosimo Nigro, K. Nilsson, D. Ninci, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, S. Nozaki, Yoshiki Ohtani, Tomohiko Oka, Jorge Otero-Santos, S. Paiano, M. Palatiello, D. Paneque, R. Paoletti, J. M. Paredes, Lovro Pavletić, Pablo Peñil, C. Perennes, M. Persic, P. G. Prada Moroni, E. Prandini, Chaitanya Priyadarshi, I. Puljak, W. Rhode, M. Ribó, J. Rico, Chiara Righi, A. Rugliancich, L. Saha, N. Sahakyan, T. Saito, S. Sakurai, K. Satalecka, Francesco Gabriele Saturni, Bernd Schleicher, K. Schmidt, T. Schweizer, J. Sitarek, I. Šnidarić, D. Sobczyńska, Alessia Spolon, A. Stamerra, D. Strom, M. Strzys, Y. Suda, T. Surić, Mitsunari Takahashi, F. Tavecchio, P. Temnikov, T. Terzić, M. Teshima, N. Torres-Albà, Luca Tosti, Stefano Truzzi, Antonio Tutone, Juliane van Scherpenberg, G. Vanzo, M. Vázquez Acosta, Sofia Ventura, V. Verguilov, C. Vigorito, V. Vitale, Ievgen Vovk, Martin Will, Darko Zarić, R. Angioni, F. D’Ammando, S. Ciprini, C. C. Cheung, M. Orienti, L. Pacciani, Prachi Prajapati, Pawan Kumar, S. Ganesh, M. Minev, A. Kurtenkov, Alessandro Marchini, L. Carrasco, G. Escobedo, A. Porras, E. Recillas, A. Lähteenmäki, M. Tornikoski, M. Berton, J. Tammi, R. J. C. Vera, S. G. Jorstad, Alan P. Marscher, Z. R. Weaver, Murdock Hart, M. K. Hallum, V. M. Larionov, G. A. Borman, T. S. Grishina, E. N. Kopatskaya, Е. Г. Ларионова, A. A. Nikiforova, D. A. Morozova, С. С. Савченко, Yu. V. Troitskaya, I. S. Troitsky, A. A. Vasilyev, M. W. Hodges, T. Hovatta, S. Kiehlmann, W. Max-Moerbeck, A. C. S. Readhead, R. Reeves, T. J. Pearson,

Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae

Context. QSO B1420+326 is a blazar classified as a Flat Spectrum Radio Quasar (FSRQ). In the beginning of 2020 it underwent an enhanced flux state. An extensive multiwavelength campaign allowed us to trace the evolution of the flare. Aims. We search for VHE gamma-ray emission from QSO B1420+326 during this flaring state. We aim to characterize and model the broadband emission of the source over different phases of the flare. Methods. The source was observed with a number of instruments in radio, near infrared, optical (including polarimetry and spectroscopy), ultra-violet, X-ray and gamma-ray bands. We use dedicated optical spectroscopy results to estimate the accretion disk and the dust torus luminosity. We perform spectral energy distribution modeling in the framework of combined Synchrotron-Self-Compton and External Compton scenario in which the electron energy distribution is partially determined from acceleration and cooling processes. Results. During the enhanced state the flux of both SED components drastically increased and the peaks were shifted to higher energies. Follow up observations with the MAGIC telescopes led to the detection of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission from this source, making it one of only a handful of FSRQs known in this energy range. Modeling allows us to constrain the evolution of the magnetic field and electron energy distribution in the emission region. The gamma-ray flare was accompanied by a rotation of the optical polarization vector during a low polarization state. Also, a new, superluminal radio knot contemporaneously appeared in the radio image of the jet. The optical spectroscopy shows a prominent FeII bump with flux evolving together with the continuum emission and a MgII line with varying equivalent width.