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Adulteration of aquafeed with melamine and melamine‐formaldehyde chemicals; Ex situ study of impact on haematology and antioxidant systems in Clarias gariepinus

2020; Wiley; Volume: 52; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1111/are.15059

1365-2109

Stanley Iheanacho, Gregory Ejikeme Odo, Bede Izuchukwu Ezewudo,

Aquaculture disease management and microbiota

Aquaculture ResearchVolume 52, Issue 5 p. 2078-2084 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Adulteration of aquafeed with melamine and melamine-formaldehyde chemicals; Ex situ study of impact on haematology and antioxidant systems in Clarias gariepinus Stanley C. Iheanacho, Corresponding Author iheanacho.stanley@yahoo.com stanley.iheanacho@funai.edu.ng orcid.org/0000-0001-8233-2604 Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria Correspondence Stanley C. Iheanacho, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria. Emails: iheanacho.stanley@yahoo.com; stanley.iheanacho@funai.edu.ngSearch for more papers by this authorGregory E. Odo, orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-5100 Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, NigeriaSearch for more papers by this authorBede I. Ezewudo, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaSearch for more papers by this author Stanley C. Iheanacho, Corresponding Author iheanacho.stanley@yahoo.com stanley.iheanacho@funai.edu.ng orcid.org/0000-0001-8233-2604 Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria Correspondence Stanley C. Iheanacho, Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Ndufu Alike Ikwo, Abakaliki, Nigeria. Emails: iheanacho.stanley@yahoo.com; stanley.iheanacho@funai.edu.ngSearch for more papers by this authorGregory E. Odo, orcid.org/0000-0002-8490-5100 Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, NigeriaSearch for more papers by this authorBede I. Ezewudo, Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria Department of Zoology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, NigeriaSearch for more papers by this author First published: 19 December 2020 https://doi.org/10.1111/are.15059Citations: 1Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditWechat Abstract Adulteration of aquafeed has raised critical concern regarding quality and safety of aquatic meats. This study assessed the impact of melamine (MEL) and melamine-formaldehyde (MEF) chemicals (adulterants) on haematology, gill and liver antioxidant enzymes activities of Clarias gariepinus. Fish were fed diets contaminated with MEL and MEF at 3.0 g Kg−1 (0.3%) dietary inclusion for 45 days, followed by a depuration trial that lasted for 30 days. Body biomass of MEL- and MEF-treated groups decreased markedly, relative to the control. Haematological parameters such as red blood cell, white blood cell, haemoglobin and packed cell volume contents of the treated groups reduced prominently, while antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase) activities were suppressed, particularly in the liver of the treated groups. Additionally, toxicity of MEL and MEF caused significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) content in the gill and liver tissues of the exposed groups. However, antioxidant enzymes activities and haematology were restored to the normal physiological condition, during the recovery (depuration) phase. MEL- and MEF-induced toxic effects on the exposed fish and the findings of the current study provides baseline information and insight on the adverse impact of these chemicals in aquatic models. Open Research DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Research data are not shared. Citing Literature Volume52, Issue5May 2021Pages 2078-2084 RelatedInformation