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Impact of Pneumococcal Vaccination in the Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Healthy Children of the Murcia Region in Spain

2020; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 9; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/vaccines9010014

2076-393X

Santiago Alfayate Miguélez, Genoveva Yagüe Guirao, Ana Ruiz, Manuel Sánchez‐Solís, Mirian Domenech Lucas, Fernando González‐Camacho, María del Mar Ortiz Romero, Pilar Espejo García, C. Guerrero Gómez, Antonio Iofrío de Arce, Laura Moreno Parrado, Rosa Sánchez Andrada, Eva Cascales Alcolea, Sebastián Lorente García, Pedro Paredes Reyes, Ángela Casquet Barceló, M. López Yepes, Juan Vigueras Abellán, Gonzalo Sanz Mateo,

Respiratory viral infections research

Background: An epidemiological study of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in healthy children was carried out five years after the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). Objectives: Study the impact of pediatric vaccination with PCV13, and other associated epidemiological factors on the status of nasopharyngeal carriage, the circulating pneumococcal serotypes, and the antibiotic susceptibility to more frequently used antibiotics. Methods: A multi-center study was carried out in Primary Health Care, which included 1821 healthy children aged 1 to 4 years old. All isolates were sent to the Spanish Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory for serotyping and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: At least one dose of PCV13 had been received by 71.9% of children and carriage pneumococcal prevalence was 19.7%. The proportion of PCV13 serotypes was low (14.4%), with an observed predominance of non-vaccine serotypes, 23B, 11A, 10A, 35B/F, and 23A were the five most frequent. A high rate of resistance to penicillin, erythromycin, and trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole was found. Conclusions: A low proportion of PCV13 serotypes were detected, confirming the impact of pediatric vaccination for reducing the serotypes vaccine carriage. High resistance rates to clinically important antibiotics were observed.