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Ecophysiology of two endemic Amazon quillworts

2020; Elsevier BV; Volume: 170; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.aquabot.2020.103350

1879-1522

Daniel Basílio Zandonadi, Heitor Monteiro Duarte, Mirella Pupo Santos, Luís Alfredo dos Santos Prado, Rodrigo Lemes Martins, Emiliano Nicolas Calderón, Ana Carolina Almeida Fernandes, Quézia Souza Santos, Filipe Junior Gonçalves Nunes, Luiz Carlos Felisberto Ribeiro, Taís Nogueira Fernandes, Alexandre Castilho, Francisco de Assis Esteves,

Growth and nutrition in plants

Isoëtes L. is a genus of lycophytes widely distributed around the world, with many endemic species. In our work we document the first successful large scale ex situ cultivation of the threatened species from Brazilian Amazon Isoëtes cangae and Isoëtes serracarajensis, which are endemic of a lake and close ponds nearby, respectively. This study aimed to develop the ex situ cultivation methods of the species I. cangae and I. serracarajensis. The capacity of regrowth and to tolerate high soluble iron in the water was monitored. We also studied plant leaf nutrition, growth, photosynthesis, and plasma membrane H+-ATPase activity. Both species were cultivated in a low-cost system at a greenhouse during three seasons through a year. The survival rate of plants was higher as 98 %, and both species developed effectively on the culture system with different patterns during linear growth: I. cangae showed faster leaf growth but was slower on new leaves production compared to I. serracarajensis. The mechanism of leaf expansion seems to be related to H+-ATPase activation, near to 2-fold higher in I. cangae. Contrarily, the effective quantum yield of photosystem II was higher in I. serracarajensis than in I. cangae. Both species accumulate very high concentration of minerals in the leaf tissue, and I. serracarajensis presented more iron than I. cangae, and remarkably showed more new leaves on higher iron concentration exposure. I. cangae showed the ability to reproduce during ex situ cultivation. The results of this work have broad applicability, assisting other low-cost cultivation studies, which are critical to ecosystem recovery of mining areas and conservation strategies.