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The link between suggestibility, compliance, and false confessions: A review using experimental and field studies

2021; Wiley; Volume: 35; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/acp.3788

1099-0720

Henry Otgaar, Jennifer Maria Schell‐Leugers, Mark L. Howe, Alejandra de la Fuente Vilar, Sanne T. L. Houben, Harald Merckelbach,

Adversarial Robustness in Machine Learning

Abstract Expert witnesses and scholars sometimes disagree on whether suggestibility and compliance are related to people's tendency to falsely confess. Hence, the principal aim of this review was to amass the available evidence on the link between suggestibility and compliance and false confessions. We reviewed experimental data in which false confessions were experimentally evoked and suggestibility and compliance were measured. Furthermore, we reviewed field data of potential false confessions and their relationship with suggestibility and compliance. These diverse databases converge to the same conclusion. We unequivocally found that high levels of suggestibility (and to a lesser extent compliance) were associated with an increased vulnerability to falsely confess. Suggestibility measurements might be informative for expert witnesses who must evaluate the false confession potential in legal cases.