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Predicting the transition to and progression of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a weighted risk score using bio-humoural, cardiopulmonary, and echocardiographic stress testing

2020; Oxford University Press; Volume: 28; Issue: 15 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/eurjpc/zwaa129

2047-4881

Nicola Riccardo Pugliese, Nicolò De Biase, Luna Gargani, Matteo Mazzola, Lorenzo Conte, Iacopo Fabiani, Andrea Natali, Frank Lloyd Dini, Paolo Frumento, Javier Rosada, Stefano Taddei, Barry A. Borlaug, Stefano Masi,

Cardiovascular and exercise physiology

Risk stratification of heart failure (HF) patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) can promote a more personalized treatment. We tested the prognostic value of a multi-parametric evaluation, including biomarkers, cardiopulmonary exercise testing-exercise stress echocardiography (CPET-ESE), and lung ultrasound, in HFpEF patients and subjects at risk of developing HF (HF Stages A and B).Risk stratification of heart failure (HF) patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) can promote a more personalized treatment.We tested the prognostic value of a multi-parametric evaluation, including biomarkers, cardiopulmonary exercise testing-exercise stress echocardiography (CPET-ESE), and lung ultrasound, in HFpEF patients and subjects at risk of developing HF (HF Stages A and B).We performed a resting clinical/bio-humoural evaluation and a symptom-limited CPET-ESE in 274 patients (45 Stage A, 68 Stage B, and 161 Stage C-HFpEF) and 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. During a median follow-up of 18.5 months, we reported 71 HF hospitalizations and 10 cardiovascular deaths. Cox proportional-hazards regression identified five independent predictors and each was assigned a number of points proportional to its regression coefficient: stress-rest ΔB-lines >10 (3 points), peak oxygen consumption 900 pg/mL (1 point). The event-free survival probability for low risk ( 6 points) were 93%, 52%, and 20%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) for the scoring system to predict events was 0.92 (95% CI 0.88-0.96), with an accuracy significantly higher than the individual components of the score (all P < 0.01 vs. individual AUCs).A weighted risk score including NT-proBNP, markers of cardiopulmonary dysfunction and indices of exercise-induced pulmonary congestion identifies HFpEF patients at increased risk for adverse events and Stage A and B subjects more likely to progress towards more advanced HF stages.