Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Quinoa
2021; Springer International Publishing; Linguagem: Inglês
10.1007/978-3-030-65237-1_9
ISSN2199-479X
AutoresLuke Grenfell-Shaw, Mark Tester,
Tópico(s)Plant Genetic and Mutation Studies
ResumoQuinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) is a highly resilient crop, displaying high levels of salinity and drought tolerance, although only low levels of heat tolerance. In this chapter, current knowledge of the response of quinoa to abiotic stresses is discussed, focussing on physiological responses, putative molecular mechanisms and genetic control. Relatively little research has been conducted into quinoa, and even less has been done to elucidate the genetics underpinning quinoa’s tolerance to abiotic stresses. The quinoa genes CqSOS1, CqNHX1, CqBADH, CqHSP70, CqHSP20 and CqABAs are discussed, and areas requiring further research at the genetic level are highlighted. There are currently extensive gaps in our understanding of the response of quinoa to certain abiotic stresses, with virtually no studies covering the effects of soil acidity, boron toxicity and nutrient deficiency. Whilst there is significant genetic diversity within the quinoa species, significant research is required to understand how this genetic variation can be harnessed. The recent release of a high-quality quinoa reference genome provides a useful tool to greatly facilitate the characterisation of genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance and taking a genetics-led approach should aid the rapid advancement of our understanding of quinoa’s abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms and lead to more effective improvement in engineering and breeding strategies. With these improvements, quinoa can fulfil a role urgently needed to provide food security in arid and semi-arid regions.
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