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Modulation of the Serotonergic Receptosome in the Treatment of Anxiety and Depression: A Narrative Review of the Experimental Evidence

2021; Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute; Volume: 14; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.3390/ph14020148

1424-8247

Gustavo Roberto Villas Boas, Stefânia Neiva Lavorato, Marina Meirelles Paes, Pablinny Moreira Galdino, Vanessa Cristina Rescia, Mila Silva Cunha, Manoel F. de Magalhães-Filho, Luis Felipe Ponsoni, Adryano Augustto Valladão de Carvalho, Roseli Boerngen de Lacerda, Lais da S. Leite, Matheus S. Tavares-Henriques, Luiz Augusto Freire Lopes, Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues Oliveira, Saulo Euclides Silva-Filho, Ana Paula Stefanello da Silveira, Roberto Kenji Nakamura Cuman, Francielli Maria de Souza Silva-Comar, Jurandir Fernando Comar, Luana do Amaral Brasileiro, Jussileide N. dos Santos, William Rodrigues de Freitas, Katyúscya Veloso Leão, Jonatas Gomes da Silva, Raphael Contelli Klein, Mary Hellen Fabres Klein, Bruno H. da S. Ramos, C. Fernandes, Dayane G. de L. Ribas, Silvia Aparecida Oesterreich,

Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior

Serotonin (5-HT) receptors are found throughout central and peripheral nervous systems, mainly in brain regions involved in the neurobiology of anxiety and depression. 5-HT receptors are currently promising targets for discovering new drugs for treating disorders ranging from migraine to neuropsychiatric upsets, such as anxiety and depression. It is well described in the current literature that the brain expresses seven types of 5-HT receptors comprising eighteen distinct subtypes. In this article, we comprehensively reviewed 5-HT1-7 receptors. Of the eighteen 5-HT receptors known today, thirteen are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and represent targets for approximately 40% of drugs used in humans. Signaling pathways related to these receptors play a crucial role in neurodevelopment and can be modulated to develop effective therapies to treat anxiety and depression. This review presents the experimental evidence of the modulation of the “serotonergic receptosome” in the treatment of anxiety and depression, as well as demonstrating state-of-the-art research related to phytochemicals and these disorders. In addition, detailed aspects of the pharmacological mechanism of action of all currently known 5-HT receptor families were reviewed. From this review, it will be possible to direct the rational design of drugs towards new therapies that involve signaling via 5-HT receptors.