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Immunogenicity of standard, high-dose, MF59-adjuvanted, and recombinant-HA seasonal influenza vaccination in older adults

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 6; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41541-021-00289-5

2059-0105

Athena P. Y. Li, Carolyn A. Cohen, Nancy Leung, Vicky J. Fang, Shivaprakash Gangappa, Suryaprakash Sambhara, Min Z. Levine, A. Danielle Iuliano, Ranawaka A. P. M. Perera, Dkm Ip, Malik Peiris, Mark G. Thompson, Benjamin J. Cowling, Sophie A. Valkenburg,

Respiratory viral infections research

The vaccine efficacy of standard-dose seasonal inactivated influenza vaccines (S-IIV) can be improved by the use of vaccines with higher antigen content or adjuvants. We conducted a randomized controlled trial in older adults to compare cellular and antibody responses of S-IIV versus enhanced vaccines (eIIV): MF59-adjuvanted (A-eIIV), high-dose (H-eIIV), and recombinant-hemagglutinin (HA) (R-eIIV). All vaccines induced comparable H3-HA-specific IgG and elevated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) activity at day 30 post vaccination. H3-HA-specific ADCC responses were greatest following H-eIIV. Only A-eIIV increased H3-HA-IgG avidity, HA-stalk IgG and ADCC activity. eIIVs also increased polyfunctional CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, while cellular immune responses were skewed toward single-cytokine-producing T cells among S-IIV subjects. Our study provides further immunological evidence for the preferential use of eIIVs in older adults as each vaccine platform had an advantage over the standard-dose vaccine in terms of NK cell activation, HA-stalk antibodies, and T cell responses.