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Development of anacardic acid-loaded zein nanoparticles: Physical chemical characterization, stability and antimicrobial improvement

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 332; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.molliq.2021.115808

1873-3166

Jennifer Thayanne Cavalcante de Araújo, Manuel Martín‐Pastor, Lourdes Pérez, Aurora Pinazo, Francisco Fábio Oliveira de Sousa,

Pickering emulsions and particle stabilization

Anacardic acid (AA) has gained interest regarding its extraordinary antimicrobial activity. Nanotechnology based delivery systems are a modern approach to improve both pharmacological and functional properties of therapeutic agents. In this paper we aimed to design and characterize AA loaded-zein nanoparticles and evaluate its antimicrobial efficiency in vitro using microdilution and antibiofilm assays. AA nanoparticles were spherical, stable, with an average size of 381.6 nm and negative ζ potential . The saturation transfer difference-NMR analysis demonstrated the association of zein and AA in two different conformations, enlightening its enhanced pharmacological activity . Bacteriostatic concentrations were 0.05 and 3.12 μg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , while bactericide activity was observed only for S. aureus at 0.2 μg/ml. Fungistatic/fungicide concentrations for Candida rugosa were 1.17/2.34 μg/ml , for Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis 2.34/4.69 μg/ml and for Candida tropicalis , Candida jardinii, Candida glabratta and Candida auris 4.69/4.69 μg/ml. Furthermore, nanoencapsulated AA was more efficient in reducing S. aureus and C. albicans biofilms viability than AA solution, while they presented a similar inhibition against P. aeruginosa biofilm. Therefore, AA loaded-zein nanoparticles could represent an alternative for potential applications where the low concentrations of this phytochemical are useful to prevent or treat bacterial and fungical infections. • Anacardic acid loaded-zein nanoparticles have been successfully prepared. • Dimetilglyoxime was found suitable to stabilize zein nanoparticles. • The nanoencapsulation of anacardic acid enhanced its antimicrobial activity. • STD-NMR analysis revealed the entrapment modes of anacardic acid with zein. • Based in their association, an aliphatic-based activity was found more pronounced.