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A single BNT162b2 mRNA dose elicits antibodies with Fc-mediated effector functions and boost pre-existing humoral and T cell responses

2021; Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1101/2021.03.18.435972

Alexandra Tauzin, Manon Nayrac, Mehdi Benlarbi, Shang Yu Gong, Romain Gasser, Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières, Nathalie Brassard, Annemarie Laumaea, Dani Vézina, Jérémie Prévost, Sai Priya Anand, Catherine Bourassa, Gabrielle Gendron‐Lepage, Halima Medjahed, Guillaume Goyette, Julia Niessl, Olivier Tastet, Laurie Gokool, Chantal Morrisseau, Pascale Arlotto, Leonidas Stamatatos, Andrew T. McGuire, Catherine Larochelle, Pradeep D. Uchil, Maolin Lu, Walther Mothes, Gaston De Serres, Sandrine Moreira, Michel Roger, Jonathan Richard, Valérie Martel‐Laferrière, Ralf Duerr, Cécile Tremblay, Daniel E. Kaufmann, Andrés Finzi,

Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology

Abstract The standard dosing of the Pfizer/BioNTech BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine validated in clinical trials includes two doses administered three weeks apart. While the decision by some public health authorities to space the doses because of limiting supply has raised concerns about vaccine efficacy, data indicate that a single dose is up to 90% effective starting 14 days after its administration. We analyzed humoral and T cells responses three weeks after a single dose of this mRNA vaccine. Despite the proven efficacy of the vaccine at this time point, no neutralizing activity were elicited in SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals. However, we detected strong anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) and Spike antibodies with Fc-mediated effector functions and cellular responses dominated by the CD4 + T cell component. A single dose of this mRNA vaccine to individuals previously infected by SARS-CoV-2 boosted all humoral and T cell responses measured, with strong correlations between T helper and antibody immunity. Neutralizing responses were increased in both potency and breadth, with distinctive capacity to neutralize emerging variant strains. Our results highlight the importance of vaccinating uninfected and previously-infected individuals and shed new light into the potential role of Fc-mediated effector functions and T cell responses in vaccine efficacy. They also provide support to spacing the doses of two-vaccine regimens to vaccinate a larger pool of the population in the context of vaccine scarcity against SARS-CoV-2.