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Life cycle assessment of drinking water and rain water for toilets flushing

1999; UWA Publishing; Volume: 48; Issue: 3 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2166/aqua.1999.0008

1365-2087

Pierre Crettaz, Olivier Jolliet, J.-M. Cuanillon, Sandra Orlando,

Water Systems and Optimization

Research Article| May 01 1999 Life cycle assessment of drinking water and rain water for toilets flushing P. Crettaz; P. Crettaz *Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut d'Aménagement des Terres et des Eaux, CH-1015 Lausanne, Suisse Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar O. Jolliet; O. Jolliet *Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Institut d'Aménagement des Terres et des Eaux, CH-1015 Lausanne, Suisse Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar J.-M. Cuanillon; J.-M. Cuanillon †RWB SA Ingénieurs-conseils SIA/ASIC, CH-2900 Porrentruy, Suisse Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar S. Orlando S. Orlando †RWB SA Ingénieurs-conseils SIA/ASIC, CH-2900 Porrentruy, Suisse Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua (1999) 48 (3): 73–83. https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.1999.0008 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Permissions Search Site Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsThis Journal Search Advanced Search Citation P. Crettaz, O. Jolliet, J.-M. Cuanillon, S. Orlando; Life cycle assessment of drinking water and rain water for toilets flushing. Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua 1 May 1999; 48 (3): 73–83. doi: https://doi.org/10.2166/aqua.1999.0008 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex Systems using rain water or reducing water consumption have been recently developed as an alternative to conventional toilet flushing. This article aims to quantify the environmental impacts of these systems and to identify key factors in each system. A Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) has been carried out to reach these goals.Scenarios with conventional water supplies present a lower energy requirement and lower environmental loads than recuperation scenarios. Sensitivity analyses indicate that recuperation is energetically favourable only when the energy required for the water supply is higher than 0.8 kWh/m3;, assuming a complex drinking water treatment. The study also reveals that low-flow toilets should be promoted as they lead to significant reductions in energy consumption and in pollutant emissions. A combination of a conventional water supply and low water consumption (scenario CONVeco) is advantageous for all environmental problems. This content is only available as a PDF. © IWA Publishing 1999 You do not currently have access to this content.