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Transplante homologo de menisco: estudo experimental em coelhos

2002; Brazilian Society of Orthopedics and Traumatology; Linguagem: Inglês

2255-4971

José D. Próspero, Nilson Roberto Severino, Tatsuo Aihara, Victor Marquês de Oliveira,

Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes

Meniscus allograft transplantation: an experimental study in rabbits This experimental study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of frozen meniscus allograft transplantations in rabbits. The studied population consisted of 12 rabbits submitted to unilateral medial meniscectomy. The material was frozen at –80oC for 30 days and then re-implanted into a different rabbit. Sixty days after re-implantation the meniscus was removed for gross and microscopic analysis. Results were compared to the opposite untouched knee (control group). Ten of the transplanted menisci presented complete healing and, two only, partial healing of the area peripheral to the synovial membrane. The gross size and aspect of the meniscus were the same as those of the control group in eight specimens. The two menisci with partial healing presented morphological changes, another meniscus was smaller than its control, and a fourth meniscus was torn at the medial third. Histology showed collagenous fibers displayed in a random pattern and two types of cells, fibroblasts and fibrochondrocytes. These findings are typical of the remodeling that takes place in the meniscus three or four months after transplantation. There were no histologic findings suggesting rejection of the graft. RESUMO Avaliou-se a viabilidade do transplante de menisco congelado mediante um estudo experimental realizado em 12 coelhos. Apos a retirada do menisco medial e manutencao a temperatura de –80oC por periodo de 30 dias, ele foi reimplantado em um coelho diferente. Apos 60 dias os meniscos foram avaliados do ponto de vista macroscopico e histologico, comparando-os com o grupo controle (joelho ileso contralateral). Em 10 meniscos transplantados ocorreu cicatrizacao total e, em dois, parcial, da regiao periferica a membrana sinovial. O tamanho e o aspecto macroscopico foram os mesmos do grupo controle em oito meniscos. Os dois meniscos que apresentaram cicatrizacao parcial possuiam alteracao morfologica, outro tinha tamanho menor e um quarto, solucao de continuidade em seu terco medio. O aspecto histologico mostrou fibras colagenas com distribuicao desordenada e a presenca de dois tipos de celulas, os fibroblastos e os fibrocondrocitos, caracterizando o processo de remodelacao tipica do terceiro e quarto mes pelo qual passa o menisco apos ser transplantado. Nao foram evidenciadas caracteristicas histologicas compativeis com rejeicao do enxerto.