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Gravitational waves from a holographic phase transition

2021; Springer Nature; Volume: 2021; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1007/jhep04(2021)100

1127-2236

Fëanor Reuben Ares, Mark Hindmarsh, Carlos Hoyos, Niko Jokela,

Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect

We investigate first order phase transitions in a holographic setting of five-dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to a scalar field, constructing phase diagrams of the dual field theory at finite temperature. We scan over the two-dimensional parameter space of a simple bottom-up model and map out important quantities for the phase transition: the region where first order phase transitions take place; the latent heat, the transition strength parameter $\alpha$, and the stiffness. We find that $\alpha$ is generically in the range 0.1 to 0.3, and is strongly correlated with the stiffness (the square of the sound speed in a barotropic fluid). Using the LISA Cosmology Working Group gravitational wave power spectrum model corrected for kinetic energy suppression at large $\alpha$ and non-conformal stiffness, we outline the observational prospects at the future space-based detectors LISA and TianQin. A TeV-scale hidden sector with a phase transition described by the model could be observable at both detectors.