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Hard X-ray transient grating spectroscopy on bismuth germanate

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 15; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41566-021-00797-9

1749-4893

Jérémy R. Rouxel, Danny Fainozzi, Roman Mankowsky, Benedikt Rösner, Gediminas Seniutinas, Riccardo Mincigrucci, Sara Catalini, Laura Foglia, Riccardo Cucini, Florian Döring, Adam Kubec, Frieder Koch, Filippo Bencivenga, André Al Haddad, Alessandro Gessini, A. A. Maznev, Claudio Cirelli, Simon Gerber, Bill Pedrini, Giulia F. Mancini, E. Razzoli, Max Burian, Hiroki Ueda, Georgios Pamfilidis, Eugenio Ferrari, Yunpei Deng, A. Mozzanica, Philip J. M. Johnson, D. Ozerov, Maria Grazia Izzo, Cettina Bottari, Christopher Arrell, E. J. Divall, Serhane Zerdane, M. Sander, G. Knopp, P. Beaud, H. Lemke, Christopher J. Milne, Christian Dávid, Renato Torre, Majed Chergui, Keith A. Nelson, C. Masciovecchio, U. Staub, L. Patthey, Cristian Svetina,

Advanced Electron Microscopy Techniques and Applications

Optical-domain Transient Grating (TG) spectroscopy is a versatile background-free four-wave-mixing technique used to probe vibrational, magnetic and electronic degrees of freedom in the time domain. The newly developed coherent X-ray Free Electron Laser sources allow its extension to the X-ray regime. Xrays offer multiple advantages for TG: their large penetration depth allows probing the bulk properties of materials, their element-specificity can address core-excited states, and their short wavelengths create excitation gratings with unprecedented momentum transfer and spatial resolution. We demonstrate for the first time TG excitation in the hard X-ray range at 7.1 keV. In Bismuth Germanate (BGO), the nonresonant TG excitation generates coherent optical phonons detected as a function of time by diffraction of an optical probe pulse. This experiment demonstrates the ability to probe bulk properties of materials and paves the way for ultrafast coherent four-wave-mixing techniques using X-ray probes and involving nanoscale TG spatial periods.