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The role of protected and unprotected forest remnants for mammal conservation in a megadiverse Neotropical hotspot

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 259; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.biocon.2021.109173

1873-2917

Marcelo Magioli, Elaine Rios, Maíra Benchimol, Diogo Cavenague Casanova, Aluane Silva Ferreira, Joedison Rocha, Fabiano Rodrigues de Melo, Marcelino Pinto Dias, Gabriela Narezi, Maria Otávia Silva Crepaldi, Lúcia Ângelo Machado Mendes, Rodrigo de Almeida Nobre, Adriano G. Chiarello, Alvaro García‐Olaechea, Andrezza Bellotto Nobre, Camila Cantagallo Devids, Camila Righetto Cassano, Christine Del Vechio Koike, Christine Steiner São Bernardo, Daniel Henrique Homem, Daniel da Silva Ferraz, Diego Leal Abreu, Eliana Cazetta, Elson Fernandes de Lima, Fernando César Gonçalves Bonfim, Fernando Lima, Helena Alves do Prado, Henrique Gonçalves Santos, Joana Zorzal Nodari, João Gabriel Ribeiro Giovanelli, Marcello S. Nery, Michel Barros Faria, Priscila Coutinho Ribas Ferreira, Priscilla Sales Gomes, Raisa Reis de Paula Rodarte, Rodrigo L. Borges, Thais Fanttini Sagrillo Zuccolotto, Tathiane Santi Sarcinelli, Whaldener Endo, Y. Matsuda, Virgínia Londe de Camargos, Ronaldo Gonçalves Morato,

Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies

The Brazilian Atlantic Forest of Southern Bahia is a megadiverse region given its remarkable number of species and endemism. Despite being a priority region for biodiversity conservation, the role of protected and unprotected forest remnants for long-term species conservation is unknown. Here, we unveil the main patterns of occurrence and distribution of medium- and large-sized mammals in remnants of the Atlantic Forest of Southern Bahia, to generate subsidies for applied conservation strategies. We recorded mammals using camera-traps, active search, and/or line-transect surveys and complemented our species list with literature data. We thus obtained information on richness attributes, relative abundance, and biomass of mammal species per forest remnant, compared assemblages in protected and unprotected areas, and finally investigated both species-area and biomass-area relationships. From 72 forest remnants assessed, we recorded 45 mammal species, including 19 threatened locally. Protected areas were richer in species, especially concerning threatened ones, and concentrated most of the mammal biomass, which presented consistently low values for most areas. The positive and significant species-area and biomass-area relationships further corroborate these patterns since protected areas are larger in size. Despite the historic anthropogenic pressures, we conclude that Southern Bahia still harbors an expressive mammal diversity, with protected areas being critical to maintain most of the species' richness and biomass across the entire region. Nevertheless, small unprotected remnants (<100 ha) safeguard mammal species, including threatened ones, stressing their importance to maintain mammal assemblages in one of the most important hotpoints of the entire biome.