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Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 595; Issue: 7869 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41586-021-03677-y

1476-4687

Emma B. Hodcroft, Moira Zuber, Sarah Nadeau, Timothy G. Vaughan, Katharine H. D. Crawford, Christian L. Althaus, Martina L. Reichmuth, John E. Bowen, Alexandra C. Walls, Davide Corti, Jesse D. Bloom, David Veesler, David Mateo, Alberto Hernando, Iñaki Comas, Fernando Gónzález‐Candelas, Fernando Gónzález‐Candelas, Galo A. Goig, Álvaro Chiner‐Oms, Irving Cancino‐Muñoz, Mariana G. López, Manuela Torres‐Puente, Inmaculada Gómez-Navarro, Santiago Jiménez, Lidia Ruiz-Roldán, María Alma Bracho, Neris García‐González, Llúcia Martínez‐Priego, Inmaculada Galán-Vendrell, Paula Ruiz-Hueso, Griselda De Marco, Maria Loreto Ferrús, Sandra Carbó-Ramírez, Giuseppe D’Auria, Mireia Coscollá, Paula Ruiz-Rodríguez, Francisco Javier Roig-Sena, Isabel Sanmartín, Daniel García‐Souto, Ana Pequeño‐Valtierra, José M. C. Tubío, Jorge Rodríguez‐Castro, Núria Rabella, Ferrán Navarro, Elisenda Miró, Manuel Rodríguez‐Iglesias, Fátima Galán‐Sánchez, Salud Rodríguez-Pallares, María de Toro, María Pilar Bea-Escudero, José Manuel Azcona, Miriam Blasco Alberdi, Alfredo Mayor, Alberto L. García‐Basteiro, Gemma Moncunill, Carlota Dobaño, Pau Cisteró, Darı́o Garcı́a de Viedma, Laura Pérez-Lago, Marta Herránz, Jon Sicilia, Pilar Catalán-Alonso, Patricia Muñóz, Cristina Muñoz-Cuevas, Guadalupe Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Juan Alberola, José Miguel Nogueira, Juan J. Camarena, Antonio Rezusta, Alexander Tristancho-Baró, Ana Milagro, Nieves Felisa Martínez-Cameo, Yolanda Gracia-Grataloup, Elisa Martró, Antoni E. Bordoy, Anna Not, Adrián Antuori-Torres, Rafael Benito, Sonia Algarate, Jessica Bueno, José Luís del Pozo, José Antonio Boga, Cristian Castelló-Abiétar, Susana Rojo‐Alba, Marta Elena Álvarez‐Argüelles, Santiago Melón, Maitane Aranzamendi-Zaldumbide, Andrea Vergara-Gómez, Jovita Fernández‐Pinero, Miguel J. Martínez, Jordi Vilà, Elisa Rubio, Aida Peiró-Mestres, Jéssica Navero-Castillejos, David Posada, Diana Valverde, Nuria Estévez‐Gómez, Iria Fernández-Silva, Loretta De Chiara, Pilar Gallego‐García, Nair Varela, R Espejo Moreno, María Dolores Tirado, Ulises Gómez‐Pinedo, Mónica Gozalo-Margüello, Maria Eliecer-Cano, José Manuel Méndez-Legaza, Jesús Rodríguez‐Lozano, María Siller, Daniel Pablo‐Marcos, Antonio Oliver, Jordi Reina, Carla López-Causapé, Andrés Canut-Blasco, Silvia Hernáez-Crespo, Maria Luz A. Cordón, María-Concepción Lecároz-Agara, Carmen Gómez-González, Amaia Aguirre-Quiñonero, José Israel López-Mirones, Marina Fernández-Torres, Maria Rosario Almela-Ferrer, Nieves Gonzalo-Jiménez, María Montserrat Ruiz-García, Antonio Galiana, Judith Sánchez-Almendro, Gustavo Cilla, Milagrosa Montes, Luis Piñeiro, Ane Sorarrain, José María Marimón, María Dolores Gómez‐Ruiz, José Luís López-Hontangas, Eva M. González Barberá, José María Navarro‐Marí, Irene Pedrosa-Corral, Sara Sanbonmatsu‐Gámez, Carmen Pérez‐González, Francisco Javier Chamizo-López, Ana Bordes Benítez, David Navarro, Eliseo Albert, Ignacio Torres, Isabel Gascón, Cristina Juana Torregrosa-Hetland, Eva Pastor-Boix, Paloma Cascales-Ramos, Begoña Fuster-Escrivá, Concepción Gimeno-Cardona, María Dolores Ocete, Rafael Medina-Gonzalez, Julia González Cantó, Olalla Martínez-Macias, Begoña Palop-Borrás, Inmaculada de Toro-Peinado, María Concepción Mediavilla-Gradolph, Mercedes Pérez-Ruiz, Ó. González-Recio, Mónica Gutiérrez‐Rivas, Encarnación Simarro-Córdoba, Julia Lozano-Serra, Lorena Robles-Fonseca, Adolfo de Salazar, Laura Viñuela-González, Natalia Chueca, Féderico García, Cristina Gómez-Camarasa, Ana Carvajal, Raúl de la Puente, Vicente Martín, JM Fregeneda-Grandes, Antonio J. Molina, Héctor Argüello, Tania Fernández‐Villa, Maria Amparo Farga-Martí, Victoria Domínguez-Márquez, José Javier Costa-Alcalde, Rocío Trastoy, Gema Barbeito‐Castiñeiras, Amparo Coira, María Luisa Pérez‐del‐Molino, Antonio Aguilera, Anna M. Planas, Álex Soriano, Israel Fernández‐Cadenas, Jordi Pèrez‐Tur, María Ángeles Marcos, Antonio Moreno‐Docón, Esther Viedma, Jesús Mingorance, Juan Carlos Galán-Montemayor, Mónica Parra-Grande, Tanja Stadler, Richard A. Neher,

SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3–5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant's success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes. Analysis of the spread of the 20E (EU1) variant of SARS-CoV-2 through Europe suggests that international travel and insufficient containment, rather than increased transmissibility, led to a resurgence of infections.