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Transcriptomic Signature Differences Between SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Virus Infected Patients

2021; Frontiers Media; Volume: 12; Linguagem: Inglês

10.3389/fimmu.2021.666163

1664-3224

Stéphanie Bibert, Nicolas Guex, João Lourenço, Thomas Brahier, Matthaios Papadimitriou‐Olivgeris, Lauro Damonti, Oriol Manuel, Robin Liechti, Lou Götz, Jonathan Tschopp, Mathieu Quinodoz, Péter Vollenweider, Jean‐Luc Pagani, Mauro Oddo, Olivier Hügli, Frédéric Lamoth, Véronique Erard, Cathy Voide, Mauro Delorenzi, Nathalie Rufer, Fabio Candotti, Carlo Rivolta, Noémie Boillat‐Blanco, Pierre‐Yves Bochud,

Long-Term Effects of COVID-19

The reason why most individuals with COVID-19 have relatively limited symptoms while other develop respiratory distress with life-threatening complications remains unknown. Increasing evidence suggests that COVID-19 associated adverse outcomes mainly rely on dysregulated immunity. Here, we compared transcriptomic profiles of blood cells from 103 patients with different severity levels of COVID-19 with that of 27 healthy and 22 influenza-infected individuals. Data provided a complete overview of SARS-CoV-2-induced immune signature, including a dramatic defect in IFN responses, a reduction of toxicity-related molecules in NK cells, an increased degranulation of neutrophils, a dysregulation of T cells, a dramatic increase in B cell function and immunoglobulin production, as well as an important over-expression of genes involved in metabolism and cell cycle in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 compared to those infected with influenza viruses. These features also differed according to COVID-19 severity. Overall and specific gene expression patterns across groups can be visualized on an interactive website ( https://bix.unil.ch/covid/ ). Collectively, these transcriptomic host responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are discussed in the context of current studies, thereby improving our understanding of COVID-19 pathogenesis and shaping the severity level of COVID-19.