Produção Nacional
Macunaíma y Carybé mancomunados. Panorama de las mediaciones interculturales entre Lidia Besouchet, Newton Freitas y Mário de Andrade a propósito de la traducción y publicación de Macunaíma en Argentina
2018; Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; Volume: 19; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Espanhol
ISSN
1852-9615
Autores Tópico(s)Comparative Literary Analysis and Criticism
ResumoespanolA partir de la segunda mitad de la decada de 1930, la pareja de brasilenos integrada por Lidia Besouchet (escritora e historiadora) y Newton Freitas (ensayista y periodista) pasaria a vivir en Buenos Aires tras el cierre democratico y las persecuciones a intelectuales y militantes (acusados de mantener vinculos con el Partido Comunista y la Alianca Nacional Libertadora) por parte de la dictadura vigente en el periodo politico e historico brasileno llamado “Estado Novo”. De la larga temporada portena protagonizada por Lidia e Newton resulta una serie de mediaciones interculturales que determinaran el intercambio literario entre Argentina y Brasil a lo largo de la decada de 1940. Quisiera discutir en el presente texto las acciones de la pareja de intelectuales brasilenos con respecto al regreso y a la radicacion cultural del artista plastico argentino/brasileno Carybe en Brasil, interpelando especialmente los tramites (arreglos editoriales, graficos e, incluso, la censura estadonovista) referidos a la traduccion y a los obstaculos en torno a la publicacion del libro Macunaima (1928), de Mario de Andrade, al idioma espanol por parte de Carybe. Este evento se produjo por las mediaciones de Besouchet & Freitas a traves de un amplio epistolario intercambiado con Mario y Carybe e instituciones argentinas y brasilenas. Dicha interpelacion (posible por medio de la investigacion en los fondos de la pareja brasilena actualmente archivados en el Instituto de Estudios Brasilenos de la Universidad de Sao Paulo) expone problemas relativos a la critica y la historiografia literaria que viene promoviendo en el periodo mas reciente debates acerca del eje de estudios comparativos entre los campos literarios de Argentina y Brasil. El caso de Carybe y su persecucion de Macunaina es sin duda ejemplo unico de las posibilidades de lecturas del hibridismo cultural en el umbral de dichos campos, conforme se propone a continuacion. EnglishThe Brazilian couple Lidia Besouchet (writer and historian) and Newton Freitas (essayist and journalist) relocated to Buenos Aires in the mid-1930s, following the interruption of democratic rule and the persecution of intellectuals and political activists by the dictatorship known in Brazilian history as the “Estado Novo” (the couple were accused of associations with the Communist Party and for participating in the National Liberation Alliance). The couple’s extended residency in Argentina would result in a series of intercultural mediations that would go on to determine the literary exchanges between Argentina and Brazil throughout the 1940s. I would like to discuss here the activities of this Brazilian couple with respect to the return and ultimate cultural residency of the Argentine/Brazilian artist Carybe in Brazil, with special attention placed on the procedures involved in Carybes endeavor to translate Andrade’s work –publishing agreements, design, state censorship– and the obstacles involved in the publication of Carybe’s Macunaima (1928) into Spanish. The task would involve mediations between Besouchet and Freitas, realized across extensive epistolary exchanges between Mario and Carybe, and through Brazilian and Argentinian institutions. This line of inquiry –made possible through research conducted in the archives of the Brazilian couple, housed in the Institute for Brazilian Studies at the University of Sao Paulo– reveals problems regarding the literary criticism and historiography emerging in recent times around the debate over comparative studies between the Brazilian and Argentinian literary fields. The case of Carybe and his persecution on account of his promotion star of Macunaima is unquestionably a unique example of the possibilities offered by a reading that focuses on the cultural hybridism emerging on the borders of both fields.
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