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CLDN15 is a novel diagnostic marker for malignant pleural mesothelioma

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 11; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41598-021-91464-0

2045-2322

Masayuki Watanabe, Tomohito Higashi, Kana Ozeki, Atsuko Y. Higashi, Kotaro Sugimoto, Hayato Mine, Hironori Takagi, Yuki Ozaki, Satoshi Muto, Naoyuki Okabe, Yuki Matsumura, Takeo Hasegawa, Yutaka Shio, Hiroyuki Suzuki, Hideki Chiba,

Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Abstract Malignant mesothelioma is a cancer with a poor survival rate. It is difficult to diagnose mesotheliomas because they show a variety of histological patterns similar to those of various other cancers. However, since currently used positive markers for mesotheliomas may show false positives or false negatives, a novel mesothelial positive marker is required. In the present study, we screened 25 claudins and found that claudin-15 is expressed in the mesothelial cells. We made new rat anti-human claudin-15 (CLDN15) monoclonal antibodies that selectively recognize CLDN15, and investigated whether CLDN15 is a good positive marker for malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) using MPM tissue samples by immunohistochemistry and semi-quantification of the expression level using an immunoreactive score (IRS) method. Of 42 MPM samples, 83% were positive for CLDN15. The positive ratio was equal to or greater than other positive markers for MPMs including calretinin (81%), WT-1 (50%), and D2-40 (81%). In 50 lung adenocarcinoma sections, four cases were positive for CLDN15 and the specificity (92%) was comparable with other markers (90–100%). Notably, CLDN15 was rarely detected in 24 non-mesothelial tumors in the tissue microarray (12/327 cases). In conclusion, CLDN15 can be used in the clinical setting as a positive marker for MPM diagnosis.