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Neonatal Cranial Ultrasound Findings among Infants Born Extremely Preterm: Associations with Neurodevelopmental Outcomes at 10 Years of Age

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 237; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.05.059

1097-6833

Heather Campbell, Jennifer Check, Karl Kuban, Alan Leviton, Robert M. Joseph, Jean A. Frazier, Laurie M. Douglass, Kyle R. Roell, Elizabeth N. Allred, Lynn Ansley Fordham, Stephen R. Hooper, Hernán Jara, Nigel Paneth, Irina L. Mokrova, Hongyu Ru, Hudson P. Santos, Rebecca C. Fry, T. Michael O’Shea,

Infant Development and Preterm Care

Objective To examine the association between neonatal cranial ultrasound (CUS) abnormalities among infants born extremely preterm and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 10 years of age. Study design In a multicenter birth cohort of infants born at <28 weeks of gestation, 889 of 1198 survivors were evaluated for neurologic, cognitive, and behavioral outcomes at 10 years of age. Sonographic markers of white matter damage (WMD) included echolucencies in the brain parenchyma and moderate to severe ventricular enlargement. Neonatal CUS findings were classified as intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) without WMD, IVH with WMD, WMD without IVH, and neither IVH nor WMD. Results WMD without IVH was associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment (OR 3.5, 95% CI 1.7, 7.4), cerebral palsy (OR 14.3, 95% CI 6.5, 31.5), and epilepsy (OR 6.9; 95% CI 2.9, 16.8). Similar associations were found for WMD accompanied by IVH. Isolated IVH was not significantly associated these outcomes. Conclusions Among children born extremely preterm, CUS abnormalities, particularly those indicative of WMD, are predictive of neurodevelopmental impairments at 10 years of age. The strongest associations were found with cerebral palsy.