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A single dose of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2 elicits Fc-mediated antibody effector functions and T cell responses

2021; Cell Press; Volume: 29; Issue: 7 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.chom.2021.06.001

1934-6069

Alexandra Tauzin, Manon Nayrac, Mehdi Benlarbi, Shang Yu Gong, Romain Gasser, Guillaume Beaudoin-Bussières, Nathalie Brassard, Annemarie Laumaea, Dani Vézina, Jérémie Prévost, Sai Priya Anand, Catherine Bourassa, Gabrielle Gendron‐Lepage, Halima Medjahed, Guillaume Goyette, Julia Niessl, Olivier Tastet, Laurie Gokool, Chantal Morrisseau, Pascale Arlotto, Leonidas Stamatatos, Andrew T. McGuire, Catherine Larochelle, Pradeep D. Uchil, Maolin Lu, Walther Mothes, Gaston De Serres, Sandrine Moreira, Michel Roger, Jonathan Richard, Valérie Martel‐Laferrière, Ralf Duerr, Cécile Tremblay, Daniel E. Kaufmann, Andrés Finzi,

T-cell and B-cell Immunology

While the standard regimen of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine for SARS-CoV-2 includes two doses administered 3 weeks apart, some public health authorities are spacing these doses, raising concerns about efficacy. However, data indicate that a single dose can be up to 90% effective starting 14 days post-administration. To assess the mechanisms contributing to protection, we analyzed humoral and T cell responses three weeks after a single BNT162b2 dose. We observed weak neutralizing activity elicited in SARS-CoV-2 naive individuals but strong anti-receptor binding domain and spike antibodies with Fc-mediated effector functions and cellular CD4+ T cell responses. In previously infected individuals, a single dose boosted all humoral and T cell responses, with strong correlations between T helper and antibody immunity. Our results highlight the potential role of Fc-mediated effector functions and T cell responses in vaccine efficacy. They also provide support for spacing doses to vaccinate more individuals in conditions of vaccine scarcity.