Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

On the physiology of roots in vegetable crops. 1.

1953; Japanese Society for Horticultural Science; Volume: 21; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2503/jjshs.21.202

1880-358X

Tokutaro INDEN,

Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies

The studies on the requirement of oxygen of the roots as a part of the studies on the physiology of root in vegetable crops were carried out concerning the following items. (1) The measuring method of the amount of oxygen absorbed by the roots of vegetables. (2) The comparing of the amount of oxygen absorbed by the roots of various vegetables in the water. (3) The influence of temperature on the oxygen absorption of the roots of vegetables.The results obtained were as follows.1. It is a convenient and exact method for comparing the amount of oxygen absorbed by the roots of various kinds of vegetables to measure the amounts of oxygen absorbed by the excised roots in the water.2. Absorbing oxygen of the roots in the water is about 1/2 to 1/3 of that in the air.3. According to the investigations on 6 species of summer vegetables and 14 species of autumn and winter vegetables, the amount of oxygen absorbed by the roots of kidney beans and strawberries is greater and that of eggplants is less than that of the other species of summer vegetables, and wthin the autumn and winter vegetables, strawberries and broad beans come first in the amount of oxygen their roots absorb, peas, chinese cabbages, spinaches, lettuces and radishes rank next and leaf beet, mitsuba (Cryptotaenia japonica) are lowest in oxgen absorption of the roots.4. The amount of absorbed oxygen per unit weight of dry matter is not so great in the roots of strawberries, but in kidney beans and broad beans it is as great as supposed by. grading in fresh roots. The cause of these facts may be the abundance of hydrogen giving materials such as carbohydrates or enzymes related to the respiration of the roots.5. The vegetables of which roots absorb a large amount of oxygen are generally weak against submersion.6. In the roots of 7 species of vegetables, investigated on the amounts of oxygen absorbed at every 5°C from 0°to 60°C, all of the root but not with eggplants absorb oxygen even at 0°-2°C temperature, and the strawberries which can grow in a cooler season absorb fair amount of oxygen at 0°C, and kidney beans absorb oxygen abundantly at relatively low temperatures.The greatest amount of oxygen are absorbed by the roots at the following temperatures. Eggplants, tomatoes, peppers……50°C Cucumbers……40°C Kidney beans……35°C Strawberries……60°C7. The amount of oxygen absorbed by the roots, at 35°C is about 1.9-4.5 times and at 45° C about 2.1-5.3 times as great as that at 15°C