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Late Holocene in central Brazil: vegetation changes and humidity variability in a tropical wetland

2021; Wiley; Volume: 36; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1002/jqs.3351

1099-1417

Shirley Maria Lima Sabino, Raquel Franco Cassino, Makênia Oliveira Soares Gomes, Eneida Maria Eskinazi-Sant’Anna, Cristina Helena Ribeiro Rocha Augustin, Diego Alves de Oliveira,

Soil erosion and sediment transport

ABSTRACT The Pandeiros wetland is a high biodiversity ecosystem located within a semiarid region of the Cerrado biome, a neotropical savanna. This large wetland is of key importance for ecological and hydrological balance in central Brazil and for the conservation of the Cerrado fauna and flora. In this study, we present the first palaeoecological investigation of the Pandeiros wetland based on pollen analysis of a palm swamp sediment core encompassing the Late Holocene. Our results show that the wetland was subject to multicentennial‐scale oscillations in water availability during the Late Holocene; in particular, higher local humidity was documented between 4100 and 3100 cal a bp and from 2600 to 1000 cal a bp , and two events of drier local conditions occurred at approximately 2900 and 900 cal a bp. Our results also indicate a general decreasing trend in arboreal density in the Pandeiros River Basin from the beginning of the Late Holocene to the present, with the greatest expansion of dry forest occurring between 3600 and 3100 cal a bp.