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Seven-month kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies and role of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 12; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41467-021-24979-9

2041-1723

Natalia Ortega, Marta Ribes, Marta Vidal, Rocío Rubio, Ruth Aguilar, Sarah Williams, Diana Barrios, Selena Alonso, Pablo Hernández-Luis, Robert A. Mitchell, Chenjerai Jairoce, Angeline Cruz, Alfons Jiménez, Rebeca Santano, Susana Méndez, Montserrat Lamoglia, Neus Rosell, Anna Llupià, Laura Puyol, Jordi Chi, Natalia Rodrigo Melero, Daniel Parras, Pau Serra, Edwards Pradenas, Benjamin Trinité, Julià Blanco, Alfredo Mayor, Sónia Barroso, Pilar Varela, Anna Vilella, Antoni Trilla, Pere Santamaría, Carlo Carolis, Marta Tortajada, Luís Izquierdo, Ana Angulo, Pablo Engel, Alberto L. García‐Basteiro, Gemma Moncunill, Carlota Dobaño,

SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing

Unraveling the long-term kinetics of antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 and the individual characteristics influencing it, including the impact of pre-existing antibodies to human coronaviruses causing common cold (HCoVs), is essential to understand protective immunity to COVID-19 and devise effective surveillance strategies. IgM, IgA and IgG levels against six SARS-CoV-2 antigens and the nucleocapsid antigen of the four HCoV (229E, NL63, OC43 and HKU1) were quantified by Luminex, and antibody neutralization capacity was assessed by flow cytometry, in a cohort of health care workers followed up to 7 months (N = 578). Seroprevalence increases over time from 13.5% (month 0) and 15.6% (month 1) to 16.4% (month 6). Levels of antibodies, including those with neutralizing capacity, are stable over time, except IgG to nucleocapsid antigen and IgM levels that wane. After the peak response, anti-spike antibody levels increase from ~150 days post-symptom onset in all individuals (73% for IgG), in the absence of any evidence of re-exposure. IgG and IgA to HCoV are significantly higher in asymptomatic than symptomatic seropositive individuals. Thus, pre-existing cross-reactive HCoVs antibodies could have a protective effect against SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 disease.