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A comprehensive analysis of the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 29; Issue: 9 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.08.001

1525-0024

Changjing Cai, Yinghui Peng, Edward Shen, Qiaoqiao Huang, Yihong Chen, Ping Liu, Cao Guo, Ziyang Feng, Le Gao, Xiangyang Zhang, Yan Gao, Yihan Liu, Ying Han, Shan Zeng, Hong Shen,

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis

The numbers of cases and deaths from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are continuously increasing. Many people are concerned about the efficacy and safety of the COVID-19 vaccines. We performed a comprehensive analysis of the published trials of COVID-19 vaccines and the real-world data from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System. Globally, our research found that the efficacy of all vaccines exceeded 70%, and RNA-based vaccines had the highest efficacy of 94.29%; moreover, Black or African American people, young people, and males may experience greater vaccine efficacy. The spectrum of vaccine-related adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is extremely broad, and the most frequent ADRs are pain, fatigue, and headache. Most ADRs are tolerable and are mainly grade 1 or 2 in severity. Some severe ADRs have been identified (thromboembolic events, 21-75 cases per million doses; myocarditis/pericarditis, 2-3 cases per million doses). In summary, vaccines are a powerful tool that can be used to control the COVID-19 pandemic, with high efficacy and tolerable ADRs. In addition, the spectrum of ADRs associated with the vaccines is broad, and most of the reactions appear within a week, although some may be delayed. Therefore, ADRs after vaccination need to be identified and addressed in a timely manner.