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Caracterización de la plaquetopenia, leucopenia y aumento del hematocrito en la evolución y gravedad de los pacientes con diagnóstico de dengue

2021; Volume: 44; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

2227-3662

Rommer Alex Ortega Martínez, Liliana Alejandra Cáceres Sanchez, Jacqueline Borda de Abularach,

Mosquito-borne diseases and control

espanolIntroduccion: El virus del dengue (DENV) ha frecuentado nuestro planeta mas de tres siglos. La picadura del mosquito Aedes aegypti causa el DENV en humanos. Objetivo: Caracterizar la presencia de la plaquetopenia, leucopenia y aumento del hematocrito con la evolucion y gravedad de los pacientes con diagnostico de Dengue en el Hospital Univalle. Material y metodos: Estudio retrospectivo, longitudinal y analitico del 2017 al 2020. Resultados: Se identificaron 235 pacientes, 83% en la gestion 2020; el 65% al grupo etareo entre 19 a 45 anos; el sexo masculino con 54%. El 80% provienen de Cercado-Cochabamba, de estos mas del 95% de la zona sud. La prueba mas usada fue la deteccion de la proteina NS1Ag con 71%; 56% de los pacientes se hospitalizaron; mas del 50% presentaron sintomatologia entre el 2do y 5to dia; dentro la clasificacion del dengue el 75% pertenecio a dengue sin signos de alarma (p= 45%) y represento mayor tiempo de hospitalizacion (> de 5 dias) con un valor de p=0,023. Conclusiones: Es importante utilizar la plaquetopenia, leucopenia y el aumento del hematocrito como biomarcadores de severidad clinica y estancia hospitalaria, asociados a un diagnostico precoz, empleando la sintomatologia y pruebas rapidas disponibles. EnglishIntroduction: Dengue virus (DENV) has haunted our planet for more than three centuries. The Aedes aegypti mosquito bite causes DENV in humans. Objective: To characterize the presence of plaquetopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit with the evolution and severity of patients diagnosed with Dengue at the Univalle Hospital. Material and methods: Retrospective, longitudinal and analytical study from 2017 to 2020. Results: 235 patients were identified, 83% in management 2020; 65% to the age group between 19 to 45 years old; the male sex with 54%. 80% come from Cercado-Cochabamba, of these more than 95% from the southern area. The most used test was the detection of the NS1Ag protein with 71%; 56% of the patients were hospitalized; more than 50% presented symptoms between the 2nd and 5th day; Within the dengue classification, 75% belonged to dengue without warning signs (p = 45%) and represented a longer hospitalization time (> 5 days) with a value of p = 0.023. Conclusions: It is important to use thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and increased hematocrit as biomarkers of clinical severity and hospital stay, associated with an early diagnosis, using the symptoms and rapid tests available.