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Resurgence of Ebola virus in 2021 in Guinea suggests a new paradigm for outbreaks

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 597; Issue: 7877 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41586-021-03901-9

1476-4687

Alpha Kabinet Keïta, Fara Raymond Koundouno, Martin Faye, Ariane Düx, Julia Hinzmann, Haby Diallo, Ahidjo Ayouba, Frédéric Le Marcis, Barré Soropogui, Kékoura Ifono, Moussa Moïse Diagne, Mamadou Sow, Joseph Akoi Boré, Sébastien Calvignac‐Spencer, Nicole Vidal, Jacob Camara, Mamadou Keita, Annick Renevey, Amadou Diallo, Abdoul Karim Soumah, Saa L. Millimono, Almudena Marí Sáez, Mamadou Diop, Ahmadou Doré, Fode Salifou Soumah, Kaka Kourouma, Nathalie J. Vielle, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ibrahima Camara, Karifa Kourouma, Giuditta Annibaldis, Assaïtou Bah, Anke Thielebein, Meike Pahlmann, Steven T. Pullan, Miles W. Carroll, Joshua Quick, Pierre Formenty, Anaïs Legand, Karla Pietro, Michael R. Wiley, Noël Tordo, Christophe N. Peyrefitte, John T. McCrone, Andrew Rambaut, Youssouf Sidibé, Mamadou Diouldé Barry, Madeleine Kourouma, Cé D. Saouromou, M. De Armas Conde, Moussa Baldé, Moriba Povogui, Alpha Kabinet Keïta, Mandiou Diakité, Mamadou Saliou Bah, Amadou Sidibé, Dembo Diakite, Fodé Bangaly Sako, Fodé Amara Traore, Georges Ki-Zerbo, Philippe Lemey, Stephan Günther, Liana E. Kafetzopoulou, Amadou A. Sall, Éric Delaporte, Sophie Duraffour, Ousmane Faye, Fabian H. Leendertz, Martine Peeters, Abdoulaye Touré, N’. Faly Magassouba,

Viral Infections and Vectors

Seven years after the declaration of the first epidemic of Ebola virus disease in Guinea, the country faced a new outbreak-between 14 February and 19 June 2021-near the epicentre of the previous epidemic1,2. Here we use next-generation sequencing to generate complete or near-complete genomes of Zaire ebolavirus from samples obtained from 12 different patients. These genomes form a well-supported phylogenetic cluster with genomes from the previous outbreak, which indicates that the new outbreak was not the result of a new spillover event from an animal reservoir. The 2021 lineage shows considerably lower divergence than would be expected during sustained human-to-human transmission, which suggests a persistent infection with reduced replication or a period of latency. The resurgence of Zaire ebolavirus from humans five years after the end of the previous outbreak of Ebola virus disease reinforces the need for long-term medical and social care for patients who survive the disease, to reduce the risk of re-emergence and to prevent further stigmatization.