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Efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 lineages circulating in Brazil

2021; Nature Portfolio; Volume: 12; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41467-021-25982-w

2041-1723

Sue Ann Costa Clemens, Pedro M. Folegatti, Katherine R. W. Emary, Lily Yin Weckx, Jeremy Ratcliff, Sagida Bibi, Ana Verena de Almeida Mendes, Eveline Pı́polo Milan, Ana Maria Pittella, Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold, Eduardo Sprinz, Parvinder K. Aley, David Bonsall, Christophe Fraser, Michelle Fuskova, Sarah C. Gilbert, Daniel Jenkin, Sarah Kelly, Simon Kerridge, Teresa Lambe, Natalie G. Marchevsky, Yama F Mujadidi, Emma Plested, Maheshi Ramasamy, Peter Simmonds, Tanya Golubchik, Merryn Voysey, Andrew J. Pollard, David Buck, Angie Green, George MacIntyre-Cockett, Paolo Piazza, John A. Todd, Amy Trebes, Emma C. Thomson, Lygia Accioly Tinoco, Karla Cristina Marques Afonso Ferreira, C. Sánchez Almeida, Brian Angus, Beatriz Arns, Laiana Arruda, Renato de Ávila Kfouri, Lucas Henrique Azevedo da Silva, Matheus José Barbosa Moreira, Brenda Vasconcelos Barbosa Paiva, Louise Bates, Nancy Bellei, Bruno Cruz Boettger, Leandro Bonecker Lora, Nina Amanda Borges de Araújo, Chrystiane do Nascimento Brito de Oliveira, Charlie Brown-O’Sullivan, Daniel Calich Luz, João Renato Cardoso Mourão, Caroline Scherer Carvalho, Paola Cicconi, Ana Gibertoni Cruz, Débora Vilela Cunha, Daniel Marinho da Costa, Isabela Garrido da Silva Gonzalez, Priscila de Arruda Trindade, Bruno Solano de Freitas Souza, Sergio Carlos Assis De Jesus, Maria Isabel de Moraes Pinto, Karolyne Porto De Mores, Maristela Miyamoto de Nobrega, Milla Dias Sampaio, Janaína Keyla Dionísio dos Santos, Alexander D. Douglas, Suzete Nascimento Farias da Guarda, Mujtaba Ghulam Farooq, Shuo Feng, Marcel Catão Ferreira dos Santos, Marília Miranda Franco, Marianne Garcia de Oliveira, Fernanda Garcia Spina, Tannyth Gomes dos Santos, Alvaro Henrique Goyanna, Rosana Esteves Haddad, Adrian V. S. Hill, Mimi M. Hou, Bruna Junqueira, Bruna Somavilla Kelling, Baktash Khozoee, Renan Gustavo Kunst, Jonathan Kwok, Meera Madhavan, José Antônio Mainardi de Carvalho, Olga Mazur, Angela M. Minassian, Leonardo Motta Ramos, Celia Hatsuko Myasaki, Helena Carolina Noal, Natália Nóbrega de Lima, Rabiullah Noristani, Ana L. Dias, Daniel J. Phillips, Priscila Pinheiro, Jéssica Morgana Gediel Pinheiro, Marie Marcelle Prestes Camara, Isabella Queiroz, Alessandra R. Souza, Thais Regina Y. Castro, Hannah Robinson, Marianna Rocha Jorge, Talita Rochetti, Mariana Bernadi S. Saba, Natalia Salvador, Fernanda Caldeira Veloso Santos, Mayara F.S. Santos Guerra, Samiullah Seddiqi, Roberta Senger, R. H. Shaw, Airanuedida Silva Soares, Rinn Song, Guilherme Geraldo Lovato Sorio, Ricardo Stein, Arabella V. S. Stuart, Taís Tasqueto Tassinari, Cheryl Turner, Tarsila Vieceli, Taiane Alves Vieira, João Gabriel Villar Cavalcanti, Marion Watson, Andy Yao, Rafael Leal Zimmer,

vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches

Abstract Several COVID-19 vaccines have shown good efficacy in clinical trials, but there remains uncertainty about the efficacy of vaccines against different variants. Here, we investigate the efficacy of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) against symptomatic COVID-19 in a post-hoc exploratory analysis of a Phase 3 randomised trial in Brazil (trial registration ISRCTN89951424). Nose and throat swabs were tested by PCR in symptomatic participants. Sequencing and genotyping of swabs were performed to determine the lineages of SARS-CoV-2 circulating during the study. Protection against any symptomatic COVID-19 caused by the Zeta (P.2) variant was assessed in 153 cases with vaccine efficacy (VE) of 69% (95% CI 55, 78). 49 cases of B.1.1.28 occurred and VE was 73% (46, 86). The Gamma (P.1) variant arose later in the trial and fewer cases ( N = 18) were available for analysis. VE was 64% (−2, 87). ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 provided 95% protection (95% CI 61%, 99%) against hospitalisation due to COVID-19. In summary, we report that ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 protects against emerging variants in Brazil despite the presence of the spike protein mutation E484K.