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Acute confusional syndrome: Differences between COVID-19 and others comorbid diseases: A Liason psychiatry service research

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 429; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.jns.2021.119904

1878-5883

Diego García Hernández, María Calls Samora, Alba Llimona González, Fernando Dinamarca Cáceres, Francesc Casanovas Martínez, Ana Pérez Oms, Carla Llimona Sánchez, Guillem Deus García, S. Oller Canet,

Clinical Reasoning and Diagnostic Skills

Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in March 2020. Since the outbreak, neuropsychiatric presentations such as delirium and confusion have been developing. Our aim is to describe the differences between inpatients cursing with Acute Confusional Syndrome (ACS) with and without COVID-19 pneumonia. This is an observational-descriptive study. All patients attended by the liaison psychiatry service of Hospital del Mar, between February and April 2020, with ACS diagnosis were included. The sample was divided in 2 groups (with and without COVID-19 pneumonia). Sociodemographic and clinical variables including sex, age, admission duration, previous somatic or psychiatric history and risk factors associated with ACS were compared. Chi-square and U Mann Whitney tests were used for comparisons. The total sample was 62 patients. 43.5% were women with a mean age of 71.7 (SD 11.3). COVID pneumonia group mean age was lower (69, SD = 8.4) (p = 0.033) COVID pneumonia group included 26 patients. There were significant differences between COVID pneumonia group and ACS in relation to a previous diagnosis of: Ischemic Heart Disease (p = 0.007), Heart Failure (p = 0.029) and Nephropathy (p = 0.022). Risk factors associated with ACS such as cognitive impairment or hypoxemia were compared. There was a higher percentage of Hypoxemia in COVID pneumonia patients (p < 0.001). In this sample, patients with ACS and COVID pneumonia had a bigger rate of hypoxemia and a previous history of Ischemic Heart Disease, Heart Failure and Nephropathy compared to the rest of ACS patients. More studies would be necessary to assess the significance.