Los barcos dormidos y sus anclas de guerra: el origen naval de la arquitectura y la escultura griegas (Sleeping Ships and Their War Anchors: The Naval Origin of Greek Architecture and Sculpture)

2021; RELX Group (Netherlands); Linguagem: Inglês

10.2139/ssrn.3879048

ISSN

1556-5068

Tópico(s)

Law, logistics, and international trade

Resumo

Spanish abstract: Los numerosos rasgos sorprendentes de los templos griegos antiguos se vuelven naturales si interpretamos que los templos proceden de barcos de guerra reales, no metaforicos, volteados y varados sobre soportes; hay suficientes paralelos etnograficos de esta practica. Ademas de algun indicio en las fuentes literarias y en el vocabulario, el argumento definitivo que soporta esta afirmacion es la comparacion entre los penteconteros de la epoca geometrica y los templos doricos y jonicos: la forma del entablamento en su conjunto, el aspecto de ventana de las metopas, los escudos que cuelgan en el arquitrabe, la sutil curvatura longitudinal, el tamano de los templos y la distribucion de su interior, su simetria axial, la creacion de la peristasis, el numero y distribucion de las columnas, la entasis, la ubicacion de las esculturas y de la estatua de culto principal... La estatua principal procede del ancla sagrada, que se uso como proyectil en las batallas navales en el mar Egeo antes de la invencion del espolon; esta practica se puede rastrear en muchas leyendas heroicas. Los templos griegos son, mas que edificios, esculturas en piedra de barcos varados que proclaman la familiaridad de los griegos con el mar y su dominio, su talasocracia. English abstract: The many surprising features of Ancient Greek temples become natural if we interpret that temples originate in real warships, not metaphoric ones, overturned and stored upon supports; there are enough ethnographic parallels for such a practice. As well as certain references in literary sources and in vocabulary, the definitive argument that supports this claim is the comparison between penteconters from the Geometric period and Doric and Ionic temples: the shape of the whole entablature, the window aspect of metopes, the shields hanging on the architrave, the longitudinal light curvature, the size of the temples and the distribution of their interior, its axial symmetry, the creation of peristasis, the number and distribution of columns, the entasis, the placement of sculptures and the main worship statue, etc. The principal statue comes from the sacred anchor, which would be used as a projectile in the naval battles in the Aegean Sea for centuries before the invention of the ram; this practice can be traced in many heroic legends. Greek temples are more than buildings: they are sculptures in stone of beached ships which proclaim the Greeks’ familiarity with the sea and their mastery of it. In other words, their thalassocracy.

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