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A Multi-Site Analysis of the Prevalence of Food Insecurity in the United States, before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 5; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1093/cdn/nzab135

2475-2991

Meredith T. Niles, Alyssa Beavers, Lauren Clay, Marcelle Dougan, Giselle A.P. Pignotti, Stephanie Rogus, Mateja R. Savoie‐Roskos, Rachel E. Schattman, Rachel M. Zack, Francesco Acciai, Deanne Allegro, Emily H. Belarmino, Farryl Bertmann, Erin Biehl, Nick Birk, Jessica Bishop‐Royse, Christine T. Bozlak, Brianna Bradley, Barrett Brenton, James Buszkiewicz, Brittney N. Cavaliere, Young Cho, Eric M. Clark, Kathryn E. Coakley, Jeanne Coffin-Schmitt, Sarah Collier, Casey Coombs, Anne Dressel, Adam Drewnowski, Tom Evans, Beth J. Feingold, Lauren Fiechtner, Kathryn J. Fiorella, Katie Funderburk, Preety Gadhoke, Diana Gonzales‐Pacheco, Amelia Greiner Safi, Sen Gu, Karla L. Hanson, Amy E. Harley, Kaitlyn Harper, Akiko S. Hosler, Alan Ismach, Anna Josephson, Linnea Laestadius, Heidi LeBlanc, Laura R. Lewis, M. Litton, Katie S. Martin, Shadai Martin, Sarah Martinelli, John Mazzeo, Scott C. Merrill, Roni Neff, Esther Nguyen, Punam Ohri‐Vachaspati, Abigail Orbe, Jennifer J. Otten, Sondra Parmer, Salome Pemberton, Zain Al Abdeen Qusair, Victoria Rivkina, Joelle Robinson, Chelsea M. Rose, Saloumeh Sadeghzadeh, Brinda Sivaramakrishnan, Mariana Torres Arroyo, McKenna Voorhees, Kathryn Yerxa,

COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts

Background:The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic profoundly affected food systems including food security.Understanding how the COVID-19 pandemic impacted food security is important to provide support and identify long-term impacts and needs.Objective: The National Food Access and COVID research Team (NFACT) was formed to assess food security over different US study sites throughout the pandemic, using common instruments and measurements.This study presents results from 18 study sites across 15 states and nationally over the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: A validated survey instrument was developed and implemented in whole or part through an online survey of adults across the sites throughout the first year of the pandemic, representing 22 separate surveys.Sampling methods for each study site were convenience, representative, or high-risk targeted.Food security was measured using the USDA 6-item module.Food security prevalence was analyzed using ANOVA by sampling method to assess statistically significant differences.Results: Respondents (n = 27,168) indicate higher prevalence of food insecurity (low or very low food security) since the COVID-19 pandemic, compared with before the pandemic.In nearly all study sites, there is a higher prevalence of food insecurity among Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC), households with children, and those with job disruptions.The findings demonstrate lingering food insecurity, with high prevalence over time in sites with repeat cross-sectional surveys.There are no statistically significant differences between convenience and representative surveys, but a statistically higher prevalence of food insecurity among high-risk compared with convenience surveys.