First Report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HG-I Causing Fruit Rot on Tomato in Mexico
2021; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 106; Issue: 5 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-09-21-2005-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresSanto Ángel Ortega-Acosta, Francisco Alberto, José Terrones-Salgado, E. Molina-Gayosso, Yanet Romero‐Ramírez, Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez, Edgar Villar-Luna, Daniel Bárcenas-Santana, Porfirio Juárez-López, Blas Cruz-Lagunas, Guadalupe Reyes-García,
Tópico(s)Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 106, No. 5First Report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HG-I Causing Fruit Rot on Tomato in Mexico PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Rhizoctonia solani AG-4 HG-I Causing Fruit Rot on Tomato in MexicoSanto Ángel Ortega-Acosta, Francisco Palemón-Alberto, José Terrones-Salgado, Eduardo Molina-Gayosso, Yanet Romero-Ramírez, Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez, Edgar Villar-Luna, Daniel Bárcenas-Santana, Porfirio Juárez-López, Blas Cruz-Lagunas, and Guadalupe Reyes-GarcíaSanto Ángel Ortega-Acostahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3411-2353Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia, C.P. 40020, Guerrero, México, Francisco Palemón-Alberto†Corresponding author: F. Palemón-Alberto; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3674-9729Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia, C.P. 40020, Guerrero, México, José Terrones-SalgadoCentro de Innovación Tecnológica en Agricultura Protegida, Decanato de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 72410, Puebla, Puebla, México, Eduardo Molina-GayossoIngeniería en Biotecnología-Universidad Politécnica de Puebla, San Mateo Cuanalá, Juan C. Bonilla, C.P. 72640, Puebla, México, Yanet Romero-Ramírezhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8383-4128Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C.P. 39070, México, Jeiry Toribio-JiménezLaboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C.P. 39070, México, Edgar Villar-LunaCONACYT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Michoacán, C.P. 59510, Jiquilpan, Michoacán, México, Daniel Bárcenas-SantanaUniversidad Estatal de Sonora-Unidad Novojoa, Bugambilias, Novojoa, Sonora, México, Porfirio Juárez-LópezFacultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México, Blas Cruz-LagunasDepartamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia, C.P. 40020, Guerrero, México, and Guadalupe Reyes-GarcíaDepartamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia, C.P. 40020, Guerrero, MéxicoAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Santo Ángel Ortega-Acosta1 Francisco Palemón-Alberto1 † José Terrones-Salgado2 Eduardo Molina-Gayosso3 Yanet Romero-Ramírez4 Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez4 Edgar Villar-Luna5 Daniel Bárcenas-Santana6 Porfirio Juárez-López7 Blas Cruz-Lagunas1 Guadalupe Reyes-García1 1Departamento de Agronomía, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias y Ambientales de la Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Iguala de la Independencia, C.P. 40020, Guerrero, México 2Centro de Innovación Tecnológica en Agricultura Protegida, Decanato de Ciencias Biológicas, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de Puebla, 72410, Puebla, Puebla, México 3Ingeniería en Biotecnología-Universidad Politécnica de Puebla, San Mateo Cuanalá, Juan C. Bonilla, C.P. 72640, Puebla, México 4Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Ciudad Universitaria, Chilpancingo, Guerrero, C.P. 39070, México 5CONACYT-Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIIDIR Unidad Michoacán, C.P. 59510, Jiquilpan, Michoacán, México 6Universidad Estatal de Sonora-Unidad Novojoa, Bugambilias, Novojoa, Sonora, México 7Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos (UAEM), Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos, México Published Online:30 Mar 2022https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-09-21-2005-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleTomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are an important food, are a source of vitamins and minerals, and prevent chronic diseases such as cancer and vascular diseases (Willcox et al. 2003). In Mexico, 47,372 ha are used for tomato cultivation (SIAP 2019). In February 2021, in a tomato greenhouse in Rancho el Progreso (17.743639N, 99.243250W, 1,554 m above sea level), municipality of Zitlala, Guerrero, Mexico, the rot of tomato fruits of the hybrid DRD-8551 (Seminis) was detected. Disease incidence was 8% in a sample of 250 plants. The infected fruits initially exhibited circular to irregular lesions, with a soft rot of infected tissue. In advanced stages it infected more than 50% of the fruit surface with a covering of white to light brown mycelium. Fruits that were closer to the soil were more heavily affected. For all samples, cuts of approximately 0.5 cm were made from infected fruits, disinfested with 1% NaOCl, and transferred to potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Eight representative isolates were purified; developed colonies were initially light-white; after 7 days they turned light brown. Right-angle hyphae were observed, with a slight constriction at the base of the branches, and produced dark brown sclerotia. Morphological characteristics were consistent with those of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (Parmeter 1970). To confirm the anastomosis group (AG), the ITS region was amplified with the ITS1 and ITS4 primers (White et al. 1990) from the ESCJZ9 and ESCJZ10 strains. A search with the BLAST tool indicated that both strains had 99.4% identity with R. solani AG-4 HG-I strain ICMP 20043 (GenBank: KM013470) (Ireland et al. 2015). Phylogenetic analysis comparing sequences of AGs grouped ESCJZ9 and ESCJZ10 with the clade AG-4 HG-I. The sequences were deposited in GenBank (MZ274468 for ESCJZ9 and MZ274469 for ESCJZ10). Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating 15 healthy tomato fruits (hybrid DRD-8551) by inserting a portion of mycelium from the ESCJZ9 strain with a sterile toothpick in two points/fruit. In eight fruits only a sterile toothpick (two points/fruit) was inserted. The fruits were housed in laboratory conditions at an average temperature of 27°C. After 5 days, fruit rot symptoms were observed in all inoculated fruits, similar to those observed in the field. Control fruits remained asymptomatic. Additional pathogenicity tests were performed on fifty 15-day-old tomato plants (hybrid DRD-8551). Two 5-mm-diameter mycelial discs from strain ESCJZ9 were deposited at the base of the stem 10 mm below the soil surface. As control treatments, sterile PDA was deposited in 20 plants. The plants were housed in a greenhouse at an average temperature and relative humidity of 28°C and 85%, respectively. After four days, all the inoculated plants showed root and stem rot and leaf flaccidity. Control plants remained asymptomatic. R. solani was reisolated from the infected fruits and plants, fulfilling Koch's postulates. In Iran and Brazil, R. solani AG-4 HG-I has been reported to cause stem and fruit rot on tomato (Kuramae et al. 2003; Rahimian 1988). In Mexico R. solani AG-4 has been reported in other Solanaceae species such as potato and chili (Montero-Tavera et al. 2013; Virgen-Calleros et al. 2000). To our knowledge, this is the first report of R. solani AG-4 HG-I causing tomato fruit rot in Mexico. This research provides information to establish disease management strategies. It is important to establish measures to minimize the spread of this pathogen to other tomato-producing areas of Mexico.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Ireland, K. B., et al. 2015. Australas. Plant Dis. Notes 10:1. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13314-014-0152-z Crossref, Google ScholarKuramae, E. K., et al. 2003. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 109:391. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1023591520981 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMontero-Tavera, V., et al. 2013. REMEXCA 4:1043. https://doi.org/10.29312/remexca.v4i7.1144 Crossref, Google ScholarParmeter, J. R., ed. 1970. Page 32 in: Rhizoctonia solani: Biology and Pathology. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520318243 Crossref, Google ScholarRahimian, H. 1988. Iran. J. Plant Pathol. 24:9. Google ScholarSIAP. 2019. Anuario Estadístico de la Producción Agrícola. https://nube.siap.gob.mx/cierreagricola/ Google ScholarVirgen-Calleros, G., et al. 2000. Am. J. Potato Res. 77:219. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02855789 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Google ScholarWillcox, J. K., et al. 2003. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 43:1. Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 106, No. 5 May 2022SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 28 Apr 2022Published: 30 Mar 2022First Look: 16 Nov 2021Accepted: 11 Nov 2021 Page: 1531 Information© 2022 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsfruit rotRhizoctonia solaniSolanum lycopersicumtomato fruitThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF download
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