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Low concentration electrolyte with non-solvating cosolvent enabling high-voltage lithium metal batteries

2021; Cell Press; Volume: 25; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.isci.2021.103490

2589-0042

Zhipeng Jiang, Ziqi Zeng, Han Zhang, Li Yang, Wei Hu, Xinmiao Liang, Jiwen Feng, Chuang Yu, Shijie Cheng, Jia Xie,

Advanced Battery Technologies Research

Developing low cost, yet high-voltage electrolyte is significant to improve the energy density and practicability of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Low concentration electrolyte has significant merits in terms of cost and viscosity; however, their poor compatibility with high-voltage LMBs hinders its applications. Here, we develop a diluted low concentration electrolyte by replacing solvating cosolvent with a non-solvating cosolvent to facilitate the interaction between BF4- and Li+, resulting in optimized interfacial chemistry and suppressed side reaction. Thus, the high-loading Li-LiCoO2 full cells (20.4 mg cm-2) deliver outstanding cycling stability and rate performance at a cutoff voltage of 4.6 V. More impressively, a Li-LiCoO2 pouch cell achieves an energy density of more than 400 Wh kg-1 under practical conditions with thin Li (50 μm) and lean electrolyte (2.7 g Ah-1). This work provides a rational approach to design a low concentration electrolyte, which can be extended to other high voltage battery systems.