Parallel evolution of a new sympatric species pair of Crenicichla (Teleostei: Cichlidae) from Misiones, Argentina with a review of biogeography and mitonuclear discordance in the C. mandelburgeri species complex
2021; Wiley; Volume: 59; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/jzs.12566
ISSN1439-0469
AutoresOldřich Říčan, Štěpánka Říčanová, Adriana Almirón, Jorge Rafael Casciotta, Lubomír Piálek,
Tópico(s)Ichthyology and Marine Biology
ResumoThe Crenicichla mandelburgeri species complex from the Middle Paraná shows parallel evolution of ecomorphs to the unrelated Crenicichla missioneira species complex from the Uruguay River. In this article, we describe a new species pair (C. sp. Piray Guazú and C. sp. Piray Guazú Line) from the C. mandelburgeri species complex that has evolved a parallel morphological and ecological dichotomy to another species pair from the same species complex (Crenicichla ypo, Crenicichla yjhui) and also to species in the unrelated C. missioneira species complex (C. missioneira, Crenicichla celidochilus). The new species pair is endemic to a single tributary (the Piray Guazú) of the Middle Paraná River where it is sympatric and partly syntopic. Mitochondrial DNA phylogeny shows the two new species as distantly related within the C. mandelburgeri species complex, each with a sister species in the Iguazú rather than in the neighbouring Paraná river tributaries. Reduced genome representation ddRAD analyses of the nuclear genome demonstrate their close relationship, which is however complicated by the hybrid origin of one of the new species (C. sp. Piray Guazú Line). The hybrid origin of this species is demonstrated by sharing the ancestral genetic stock with its sympatric sister species (C. sp. Piray Guazú) while having an admixture from the widespread species C. mandelburgeri from the main Middle Paraná channel. In this study we also review the role of biogeography and mitonuclear discordance during evolution of the whole C. mandelburgeri species complex. El complejo de especies Crenicichla mandelburgeri del Paraná Medio muestra una evolución paralela en su ecomorfología con el complejo de especies Crenicichla missioneira, no relacionado filogenéticamente y presente en el río Uruguay. En este artículo, describimos un nuevo par de especies (C. sp. Piray Guazú y C. sp. Piray Guazú Line) del complejo de especies que ha evolucionado en forma paralela y dicotómica, morfológica y ecológicamente, a otro par de especies del mismo complejo de especies (Crenicichla ypo, Crenicichla yjhui) y también a otras del complejo de especies C. missioneira no relacionadas filogenéticamente (C. missioneira, Crenicichla celidochilus). El nuevo par de especies es endémico de un solo afluente (arroyo Piray Guazú) del río Paraná Medio, donde es simpátrico y parcialmente sintópico. La filogenia del ADN mitocondrial encuentra que las dos nuevas especies están relacionadas lejanamente dentro del complejo de especies C. mandelburgeri, cada una con una especie hermana en el Iguazú en lugar de en los afluentes vecinos del río Paraná. Una representación reducida de los análisis del genoma nuclear ddRAD, demuestran sin embargo, su estrecha relación, lo cual es complicado por el origen híbrido de una de las nuevas especies (C. sp. Piray Guazú Line) que viola su monofilia recíproca en los análisis filogenéticos. El origen híbrido de esta especie se demuestra al compartir el acervo genético ancestral con su especie hermana simpátrica (C. sp. Piray Guazú), mientras que tiene una mezcla secundaria de la especie de amplia distribución C. mandelburgeri del canal principal del río Paraná Medio. También revisamos el papel de la biogeografía y la hibridación durante la evolución de todo el complejo de especies C. mandelburgeri. Figure S1. Lower pharyngeal tooth plate in occlusal view of Crenicichla sp. Piray Guazú and Crenicichla sp. Piray Guazú Line. Figure S2. Morphometric variation and discrimination of the generalized predatory species in PCA based on specimens ≥70 mm SL. Figure S3. Morphometric discrimination of the specialized piscovorous species in PCA based on specimens ≥70 mm SL. Figure S4. FineRADstructure co-ancestry matrix for the Middle Paraná species of the Crenicichla mandelburgeri species complex. Figure S5. TreeMix graph of historical relationships between populations. Figure S6. Species trees based on SVDquartets analysis. Table S1. The sequence data analysed in this study from specimens from the Piray Guazú River. Table S2. Proportional measurements in percents of standard length in 30 specimens of Crenicichla sp. Piray Guazú. Table S3. Proportional measurements in percents of standard length in seven specimens of Crenicichla sp. Piray Guazú Line. Please note: The publisher is not responsible for the content or functionality of any supporting information supplied by the authors. Any queries (other than missing content) should be directed to the corresponding author for the article.
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