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Identifying comorbidities and lifestyle factors contributing to the cognitive profile of early Parkinson’s disease

2021; BioMed Central; Volume: 21; Issue: 1 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1186/s12883-021-02485-1

1471-2377

Saül Martínez‐Horta, Helena Bejr‐Kasem, Andrea Horta‐Barba, Berta Pascual‐Sedano, Diego Santos‐García, Teresa de Deus-Fonticoba, Silvia Jesús, Miquel Aguilar, Lluís Planellás, Juan García‐Caldentey, Núria Caballol, Bárbara Vives-Pastor, Jorge Hernández‐Vara, Iria Cabo, Lydia López Manzanares, Isabel González Aramburu, María Asunción Ávila-Rivera, María José Catalán, Luis Manuel López-Díaz, Víctor Puente, J M García-Moreno, Carmen Borrué, Berta Solano-Vila, Ignacio Álvarez, Lydia Vela, Sonia Escalante, Esther Cubo, Francisco Javier Carrillo-Padilla, Juan Carlos Martínez‐Castrillo, Pilar Sánchez Alonso, Maria Gema Alonso-Losada, Núria López Ariztegui, Itziar Gastón, Marta Blázquez Estrada, M Seijo-Martínez, Javier Ruiz‐Martínez, Caridad Valero‐Merino, Mónica Kurtis, Oriol de Fábregues, Jessica González-Ardura, Cristina Prieto-Jurczynska, Pablo Martínez‐Martín, Pablo Mir, Jaime Kulisevsky,

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Identifying modifiable risk factors for cognitive impairment in the early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD) and estimating their impact on cognitive status may help prevent dementia (PDD) and the design of cognitive trials.Using a standard approach for the assessment of global cognition in PD and controlling for the effects of age, education and disease duration, we explored the associations between cognitive status, comorbidities, metabolic variables and lifestyle variables in 533 PD participants from the COPPADIS study.Among the overall sample, 21% of participants were classified as PD-MCI (n = 114) and 4% as PDD (n = 26). The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia was significantly higher in cognitively impaired patients while no between-group differences were found for smoking, alcohol intake or use of supplementary vitamins. Better cognitive scores were significantly associated with regular physical exercise (p < 0.05) and cognitive stimulation (< 0.01). Cognitive performance was negatively associated with interleukin 2 (Il2) (p < 0.05), Il6 (p < 0.05), iron (p < 0.05), and homocysteine (p < 0.005) levels, and positively associated with vitamin B12 levels (p < 0.005).We extend previous findings regarding the positive and negative influence of various comorbidities and lifestyle factors on cognitive status in early PD patients, and reinforce the need to identify and treat potentially modifiable variables with the intention of exploring the possible improvement of the global cognitive status of patients with PD.