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Prevalence of Antibiotic Resistance Over Time in a Third-Level University Hospital

2021; Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.; Volume: 28; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1089/mdr.2021.0109

1931-8448

Vincenzo Scaglione, M Reale, Chiara Davoli, Maria Mazzitelli, Francesca Serapide, Rosaria Lionello, Valentina La Gamba, Paolo Fusco, Andrea Bruni, Daniela Procopio, Eugenio Garofalo, Federico Longhini, Nadia Marascio, Cinzia Peronace, Aldo Giancotti, Luigia Gallo, Giovanni Matera, Maria Carla Liberto, Bruno Mario Cesana, Chiara Costa, Enrico Maria Trecarichi, Angela Quirino, Carlo Torti,

Urinary Tract Infections Management

This study evaluated the spread and possible changes in resistance patterns of ESKAPE bacteria to first-choice antibiotics from 2015 to 2019 at a third-level university hospital after persuasive stewardship measures were implemented. Isolates were divided into three groups (group 1, low drug-resistant; group 2, multidrug/extremely drug-resistant; and group 3, pan-resistant bacteria) and a chi-squared test (χ2) was applied to determine differences in their distributions. Among the 2,521 isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most frequently detected (31.1%). From 2015 to 2019, the frequency of isolates in groups 2 and 3 decreased from 70.1% to 48.6% (χ2 = 63.439; p < 0.0001). Stratifying isolates by bacterial species, for K. pneumoniae, the frequency of PDR isolates decreased from 20% to 1.3% (χ2 = 15.885; p = 0.003). For Acinetobacter baumannii, a statistically significant decrease was found in groups 2 and 3: from 100% to 83.3% (χ2 = 27.721; p < 0.001). Also, for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter spp., the frequency of groups 2 and 3 decreased from 100% to 28.3% (χ2 = 225.287; p < 0.001) and from 75% to 48.7% (χ2 = 15.408; p = 0.003), respectively. These results indicate that a program consisting of persuasive stewardship measures, which were rolled out during the time frame of our study, may be useful to control drug-resistant bacteria in a hospital setting.