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SARS-CoV-2 specific cellular response following COVID-19 vaccination in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia

2021; Springer Nature; Volume: 36; Issue: 2 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1038/s41375-021-01500-1

1476-5551

Sibylle C. Mellinghoff, Sandra Robrecht, Leonie Mayer, Leonie M. Weskamm, Christine Dahlke, Henning Gruell, Kanika Vanshylla, Hans Schlößer, Martin Thelen, Anna‐Maria Fink, Kirsten Fischer, Florian Klein, Marylyn M. Addo, Barbara Eichhorst, Michael Hallek, Petra Langerbeins,

CAR-T cell therapy research

Chatzikonstantinou et al.[1] conducted a large follow-up analysis of COVID-19 in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and confirmed a high mortality rate, especially in patients with older age, comorbidity and previous CLL-treatment.The results emphasize the importance of prevention and mitigation of COVID-19 by vaccination, especially in patients with hematological malignancies.The COVID-19 vaccine-induced immunity is mediated by the interaction of both, humoral and cellular components [2,3].While several studies have confirmed low humoral immunogenicity in CLL patients [4][5][6][7], very few describe cellular responses to determine immunogenicity and report reduced T cell response [8].In this prospective cohort study, we hence investigated cellular immunogenicity and the interplay with humoral immunogenicity following COVID-19 vaccination in SLL/CLL patients as compared with healthy controls (HC).Blood samples of CLL registry (NCT02863692) patients were centrally evaluated after full COVID-19 vaccination.In total, 21/23 patients were included in the analyses (samples missing in 2/23).Vaccinated healthcare workers served as HC cohort (n = 12).Both studies were approved by the local ethics committee.Patient and disease characteristics and vaccination schedules are summarized in Table 1 and Supplemental Table 1.Patient blood samples were collected at a median of 47 (range 19-94 days) and HC at a median of 35 (range 32-38) days after the second vaccination.SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) specific IgG antibodies, determined using Alinity ci SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Quant assay (Abbott), were detectable in 8/21 (38.1%) patients with SLL/CLL and 100% of HC (p = 0.001; Fig. 1A,B).Neutralizing activity, determined by using heat-inactivated serum in a lentiviral-based pseudovirus neutralization assay against Wu-01 strain of SARS-CoV-2, was observed in serum samples from all HC (GeoMean ID 50 409) (Fig. 1C).No neutralizing activity (ID 50 < 10) was detectable in the majority of CLL patients (14/21, 67%, 0), including all seronegative individuals.