Produção Nacional
Revisado por pares
(2850) Proposal to conserve the name Warczewiczella marginata against Zygopetalum fragrans ( Orchidaceae )
2021; Wiley; Volume: 70; Issue: 6 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1002/tax.12630
ISSN1996-8175
Autores Tópico(s)Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
Resumo(2850) Warczewiczella marginata Rchb. f. in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 636. 10 Sep 1852 [Angiosp.: Orchid.], nom. cons. prop. Lectotypus (hic designatus): “Mittelamerika”, “194” (W [Rchb.-Orch. No. 25891]). (=) Zygopetalum fragrans Linden, Établ. Linden, Prix-Courant 6: 9. 15 Feb 1851, nom. rej. prop. Lectotypus (hic designatus): [icon ined.] “N° 6. Zygopetalum fragrans, Bucaramanga” (W [Rchb.-Orch. No. 49773, upper right-hand illustration]). With the advent of the digitization of hundreds of rare nursery catalogues, the protologue of Zygopetalum fragrans Linden (Établ. Linden, Prix-Courant 6: 9. 1851, available at https://archive.org/details/LindenJ6.1851) and its conspecificity with Warczewiczella marginata Rchb. f. (in Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 10: 636. 1852) was confirmed. The protologue of Z. fragrans (Linden, l.c. 1851) consisted of a single descriptive paragraph of the flower's morphology in French. It was the sixth nursery catalogue, dated 15 February 1851, of Jean Linden's company and titled in full as “N° 6. Établissement d'introduction pour les plantes nouvelles. Choix de plantes exotiques, nouvelles et rares, disponibles chez J. Linden, à Bruxelles, et à Luxembourg. Prix courant pour 1851.” This publication is frequently miscited in the taxonomic literature as “Cat. Pl. Exot.”, “Catalogue des plantes exotiques”, which indeed is the heading title of the nursery catalogue series from the eighth volume onwards (Stafleu & Cowan in Regnum Veg. 105 [Taxon. Lit., ed. 2, 3]: 44. 1981), or even the abbreviation “Cat. Gén.”, perhaps a cryptic publication named “Catalogue génerale”. It is worth noting that at that time names could be validly published even if they appeared in non-scientific printed matter, as in this case (Art. 30.7 and 32.1 of the ICN: Turland & al. in Regnum Veg. 159. 2018). A few years later in July 1854, Linden (Pescatorea: 10, t. 6. 1854) published a plate of Warczewiczella marginata Rchb. f. accompanied by its text where he listed his Zygopetalum fragrans as synonym of the former name. Fowlie (in Orchid Digest 33: 229. 1969) incorrectly classified Z. fragrans as nomen nudum, which was followed by Harding (Huntleyas Relat. Orch.: 241. 2008). Among the scarcely known literature that cited Z. fragrans, only a publication by Beer (Prakt. Stud. Orchid.: 322. 1854) treated it as an accepted species name, otherwise all other authors kept it as a synonym of Warczewiczella marginata or occasionally W. discolor (Lindl.) Rchb. f. (l.c.), based on Warrea discolor Lindl. (in J. Hort. Soc. London 4: 265. 1849). The herein designated lectotype of Zygopetalum fragrans is the original illustration supplied by Linden to Reichenbach (Rchb.-Orch. No. 49773 in W, upper right-hand image). Its provenance is confirmed by comparing the handwriting to other labels from Linden's herbarium (e.g., Rchb.-Orch. Nos. 49719 and 49750 in W). Reichenbach himself made a copy of it on a translucent paper sheet as was his custom (see Rchb.-Orch. No. 49774 in W, lower right-hand image). No herbarium specimens of Z. fragrans were found. Warczewiczella marginata was published on 10 September 1852 (Reichenbach, l.c.), about 19 months after Zygopetalum fragrans. The unpublished designations “Warrea marginata Rchb. fil.” and “Huntleya marginata Hort.” were cited in the synonymy of Warczewiczella marginata, hence they were not validly published (Art. 36.1 and Ex. 7). The only specimen among Reichenbach's materials of Warczewiczella that bears the inscription “Mittelamerika”, as cited in the protologue, is Rchb.-Orch. No. 25891 in W, therefore it is designated as the lectotype. It is composed of three pressed flowers without their vegetative parts. Other tentative original material identified as “Huntleya marginata” is Rchb.-Orch. No. 49770 in W, collected by Schlim and originating from Aspasica, at that time a settlement in northern República de la Nueva Granada, currently in the municipality of La Playa de Belén, Norte de Santander, Colombia. However, this locality is not in Central America and so the specimen was discarded as a potential type. If the present proposal to conserve Warczewiczella marginata against Zygopetalum fragrans is accepted, the former's epithet would be kept in use as it has consistently been since its publication, regardless of the genus in which it may have been placed (i.e., Cochleanthes Raf., Chondrorhyncha Lindl., Warczewiczella Rchb. f., or Zygopetalum Hook.: e.g., Linden, l.c. 1854 and Reichenbach in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 654. 1863 [as ‘Zygopetalum’]; Allen in Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 36: 88. 1949 [as ‘Chondrorhyncha’]; Dunsterville & Garay, Venez. Orchid. Ill. 1: 84–85. 1951, Fowlie, l.c., and Foldats, Fl. Venez. 14(4): 238. 1970 [as ‘Cochleanthes’]; Whitten & al. in Lankesteriana 5: 87–107. 2005, Harding, l.c., and Alzate-Q. & al. in Bol. Ci. Mus. Hist. Nat. Univ. Caldas 15: 32–33. 2011 [as ‘Warczewiczella’]). The species is known in cultivation as an ornamental plant (Harding, l.c.; Alzate-Q. & al., l.c.), and so no nomenclatural instability in this area will occur. If the present proposal is rejected, the name Warczewiczella marginata will be put at a disadvantage in relation to its earlier and long-neglected heterotypic synonym Zygopetalum fragrans, which will require transfer to Warczewiczella to replace the former name. The collections and literature that accept W. marginata will have to be updated. Since W. marginata is included in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES, available at http://checklist.cites.org), bureaucratic amendments will be necessary to reflect these modifications, which will affect stakeholders and official agencies and will lead to confusion, misnaming, and misinterpretation, a scenario that must be avoided. TECM, https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4760-9588 I am grateful to D.C. Zappi and N.P. Taylor for the critical review of the manuscript; l'Orto Botanico dell'Università di Torino for making the 1851 Linden's Catalogue accessible via the Internet Archive; herbarium W for access to its collection; and Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical / Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro / Coordenação de Pessoal de Ensino Superior, Brazil, for the postdoctoral scholarship (88887.187749/2018-00).
Referência(s)