Abstracts of Nippon Dojo-Hiryogaku Zasshi
2010; Taylor & Francis; Volume: 56; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1111/j.1747-0765.2010.00505.x
ISSN1747-0765
Tópico(s)Agriculture, Soil, Plant Science
ResumoVol. 81 (2010) No. 2 (pp. 105–201) Original Papers Method for application of anaerobically digested cattle slurry to the field cultivation of cabbage Shinichi TOKUDA*1, Yasuo TANAKA*2, Hisao HIGASHIO*1, Kenji MURAKAMI*1, Shoko AIZAWA*1, Atsuko URAGAMI*1 and Miyuki KUNIHISA*1 *1National Institute of Vegetable and Tea Science, *2National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 105–111, 2010) We applied anaerobically digested cattle slurry obtained from a biogas plant to a cabbage field as a nitrogen fertilizer and compared the growth of the cabbage plant and the chemical properties of the soil in the field applied with the digested slurry with those in the field applied with chemical fertilizer. Ammonia in the digested slurry volatilized easily when the digested slurry was applied to the surface of the cabbage field. On the other hand, covering the surface of the field with soils reduced remarkably ammonia volatilization as soon as the digested slurry was applied to the field. We applied two third of the digested slurry for basal fertilizer to the ditches (about 15 cm in depth) in the field and covered with soils. One third of the digested slurry was applied to the surface of the field. We did not notice the differences in the growth of the cabbage plant and some chemical properties of the soil such as inorganic nitrogen content, soil pH and available nitrogen content between the digested slurry and chemical fertilizer. We concluded that the digested slurry was available for nitrogen fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer in the cabbage cultivation. Key words: ammonia volatilization, anaerobically digested cattle slurry, cabbage, nitrogen fertilizer. Relationships between the vertical distribution of low specific gravity fraction (charred plants) and the soil age or organic C storage in the soil profile of a cumulative Andisol Keisuke MIYAZAKI*1, Yudzuru INOUE*2, Syusaku NISHIMURA*1 and Haruo SHINDO*1 *1Fac. Agric., Yamaguchi Univ., *2Center of Advanced Instrumental Analysis Kyushu Univ. (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 112–117, 2010) In order to gain a basic understanding about the relationships between the vertical distribution of organic carbon content of low specific gravity fraction (mainly consists of charred plants) and the soil age or organic C storage in the soil profile of a cumulative Andisol, Miyakonojo, Miyazaki, Japan, forty four soil samples were successively collected from surface and buried horizons (Ap, A, AC and A/C) of the profile. The oldest horizon studied contains the tephra erupted in 12.8 cal ka. (1) Microscopic observation of the fraction less than specific gravity 1.6 g cm−3, which was isolated after HCl-HF treatment of the soil samples, indicated that the charred plant fragments, which are black or blackish brown, were the main components in this fraction (< 1.6 fraction). (2) The total organic C content of the bulk soil (SOC) and organic C content of the < 1.6 fraction (POC), ranging from 19.4 to 117 and from < 0.5 to 15.8 g kg−1 dried bulk soil, respectively, were much higher in the 2A (contains the tephra erupted in A. D. 1235) and 4A (contains the tephras erupted in 6.4 and 4.6 cal ka) horizons than in the other horizons. No constant relationships were found between the elapse of soil age and the change of POC or SOC. (3) The POC was highly correlated (r = 0.875, significant at 0.1% level) with the SOC. Similar relationship was found between the proportion of the POC to the SOC and the SOC (r = 0.802, significant at 0.1% level). The POC / SOC value was 5% or more in 17 samples from a total of 44 soils, with a maximum value of 15.2%. (4) From the findings in the present and previous studies, it was assumed that in Japanese Andisol, charred plants contribute to C storage as one of the constituents of soil organic matter. Key words: carbon storage, charred plants, cumulative Andisol, specific gravity method, vertical distribution. Cadmium phytoremediation by Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera Hiroshi KUBOTA*1, Reiko SUGAWARA*1, Nobuyuki KITAJIMA*1, Satoshi YAJIMA*1 and Shigeru TANI*2 *1Tech Devel. Div., Fujita Co., *2Nat. Inst. Rural. Engr (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 118–124, 2010) New maximum levels for Cadmium in food crops set by the Codex committee make it all the more important to develop the technologies for reducing cadmium risks in farm land in Japan. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential of A. halleri ssp. gemmifera for phytoremediation of cadmium in farm land. Two experiments were undertaken. 1) The relation between root volume and cadmium concentration of soil was examined by using cylindrical containers which were filled with soil containing cadmium (2.3 mg Cd kg−1) and planted. Half of planted containers were harvested and analyzed to get samples of soil and plants’ root after one month cultivation and the other half after two months. After two months cultivation the plants’ root volume was seven times greater than after one month. Cadmium amount accumulated in the shoots after two months increased by five-fold above one month. When soil in containers was divided into three parts for detailed analysis, there was a clear negative correlation between root volume and soil cadmium concentrations. 2) Two farmland soils containing cadmium (4.3 mg Cd kg−1, 5.0 mg Cd kg−1) were placed in pots and plants cultivated five times in each. After the fifth cultivation the cadmium concentration of the soil was reduced by 60–80%. The reduction in cadmium was mostly in the exchangeable fraction extracted by the 1 mol L−1 MgCl2. But cadmium levels in the other fractions were also reduced by about 60%. It suggested that this plant might be able to uptake cadmium from the other fractions in soil. The material balance of cadmium in these experiments was equated. This study suggested that A. halleri ssp. gemmifera is a promising plant for phytoremediation of cadmium in farm land. Key words: cadmium, phytoremediation, hyperaccumulator, Arabidopsis halleri ssp. gemmifera. Nitrogen diagnosis using petiole juice in ‘Delaware’ grapes (Vitis Labrusca L. cv. delaware) with heating started from December or January in Japan Junko FUJIMOTO Shimane Agri. Tec. Cent. (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 125–129, 2010) This experiment aimed to establish a method for diagnosing nitrogen nutrition using petiole juice in ‘Delaware’ grapes with heating started from December or January in Japan. The method of sample preparation and the optimum leaf position for the diagnosis of nitrogen nutrition in ‘Delaware’ grapes were discussed. Pure water was added to petioles sliced into 2 to 5 mm lengths, and kept for 24 h. The nitrate concentration in supernatant was then measured using a simple reflection photometer system. The optimum leaf positions for measuring nitrate concentration in petiole juice were considered to be the 4th to 6th. The optimum nitrate concentration in the petiole juice at the flowering stage in ‘Delaware’ grapes cultivated with heating started from December or January in Japan was 200–800 mg L−1. Key words: ‘Delaware’ grapes, nitrogen diagnosis, nitrate concentration, petiole juice. Notes Rapid analysis of autoclave-extractable nitrogen for assessing soil nitrogen fertility by UV absorptiometry of l-tryptophan as a standard substance Masami SAKAGUCHI*1, Michihiko SAKURAI*2 and Toshiro NAKATSUJI*3 *1Hokkaido Kamikawa Agric. Exp. Stn., *2Present address: Hokkaido Cent. Agric. Exp. Stn., *3Hokkaido Cent. Agric. Exp. Stn. (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 130–134, 2010) Study on hydrochloric acid extraction conditions for rapid analysis of fertilizer nutrients in animal waste composts Seiichi NIIZUMA*1, Hidetoshi HIDAKA*1,2, Teppei KOMIYAMA*1, and Hiromasa MORIKUNI*1 *1JA ZEN-NOH R&D Cent., *2present address: JA ZEN-NOH (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 135–139, 2010) Cadmium (Cd) absorption of Crassocephalum crepidioides (Compositae) in a Cd-contaminated agricultural field Masahide YAMATO*1, Hiroyuki MAKI*2, Satoshi YOSHIDA*3 and Takeo KUWANA*2 *1Environ. Dep. Gen. Environ. Technos, *2Hyogo Pref. Technol. Center for Agricultural, Forestry and Fisheries, *3Research Center for Radiation Protection, National Inst. Radiol. Sci. (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 140–143, 2010) Estimation of nitrogen fertilizer effect on cattle compost and swine compost by acid detergent digestible nitrogen Wataru OYANAGI*1 and Toshihiko TANAHASHI*2 *1Niigata Agricultural Research Institute Livestock Research Center, *2Gifu Agricultural Technology Center (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 144–147, 2010) Evaluation of microbial inoculants in fields Chikako SHIMAYA*1, Tomoyoshi HASHIMOTO*1, Norikuni OKA*2 and Makoto TAKENAKA*3 *1Natl. Agric. Res. Cent. for Kyusyu Okinawa Region, *2Natl. Agric. Res. Cent. for Hokkaido Region, *3Natl. Agric. Res. Cent. (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 148–152, 2010) Evaluation of nitrogen-enriched compost produced by compost deodorization equipment for its effective utilization. Part. 1 Fertilizer efficiency Yusuke ARAKAWA*1, Akihiro TANAKA*1, Noburo HARAGUCHI*1,2, Takashi KUSABA*1, Kenichi YAKUSHIDO*1,3and Ichiro YAMADA*1,4 *1National Agricultural Research Center for Kyushu Okinawa Region, *2National Institute for Rural Engineering, *3National Agricultural Research Center, *4Zen-Noh (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 153–157, 2010) Current topics The phytotoxicity of clopyralid contaminated compost to sensitive plants Tsuyoshi SATO, Seishi YOSHIDA, Isao SHIGEMORI Nagano Veg.and Ornam.Crops Exp.Sta. (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 158–161, 2010) Lecture Recent progresses in the analytical methods of humic substances. 5. Ion-cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry Yuko SUGIYAMA University of Hyogo (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 162–167, 2010) Instruction received from the research life of Dr. Seiichi Takagi Shigenao KAWAI Iwate University (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 168–173, 2010) Miscellaneous Status of emission and deposition of ammonia in relation to agriculture and assessment of its environmental impacts Kentaro HAYASHI*1, Kazunori KOYAMA*1, Masayuki HOJITO*2, Ryusuke HATANO*3, Takashi OSADA*2, Yoshihumi HONDA*4, Yoshiyuki ABE*2 *1National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, *2National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, *3Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, *4National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 174–180, 2010) Responses of mineral stress in higher plants Amane MAKINO*1, Tomoyuki YAMAYA*1, Atsushi KAMATA*2, Kumiko OCHIAI3, Hiroyuki KOYAMA*4, Takuro SHINANO*5 Jian Feng MA*6, Toshihiro WATANABE*7 *1Graduate School of Agricultural Science Faculty of Agriculture, Tohoku University, *2Saitama Prefecture, *3Faculty, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto-Univ., *4Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences (former Faculty of Agriculture), Gifu University, *5National Agricultural Research Center for Hokkaido Region, *6Oohara Institute for Agricultural Research, *7Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 181–189, 2010) Report on the 5th Conference of the Africa Soil Science Society Kenta IKAZAKI Kyoto University (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 190–192, 2010) Report of ESAFS 9 Miwa MATSUSHIMA*1 and Fujiyoshi SHIBAHARA*2 *1Graduate school of Horticulture, Chiba Univ., *2Shiga Prefecture (Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 193–195, 2010) Abstracts of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Vol. 56, No. 1 (2010) Jpn. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., 81, 196–201, 2010
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