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Surface detectors of the TAx4 experiment

2021; Elsevier BV; Volume: 1019; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.nima.2021.165726

1872-9576

Telescope Array Collaboration, Rasha Abbasi, Mitsuru Abe, T. Abu-Zayyad, Monica Allen, Yuto Arai, E. Barcikowski, John Belz, D. R. Bergman, S. A. Blake, R. Cady, B. G. Cheon, Jyunsei Chiba, M. Chikawa, T. Fujii, K. Fujisue, K. Fujita, Ryota Fujiwara, M. Fukushima, Ryota Fukushima, G. Furlich, W. Hanlon, Motoki Hayashi, N. Hayashida, K. Hibino, R. Higuchi, K. Honda, D. Ikeda, T. Inadomi, Naoya Inoue, Takaaki Ishii, Hirotaka Ito, Д. В. Иванов, Hirokazu Iwakura, H. M. Jeong, Seok Hoo Jeong, Charlie Jui, K. Kadota, F. Kakimoto, O. Kalashev, K. Kasahara, S. Kasami, H. Kawai, S. Kawakami, S. Kawana, K. Kawata, E. Kido, H. B. Kim, J. H. Kim, J. H. Kim, M. H. Kim, S. -W. Kim, Yusuke Kimura, S. Kishigami, V. Kuzmin, M. Kuznetsov, Y.-J. Kwon, K. H. Lee, Б. Лубсандоржиев, Jon Paul Lundquist, K. Machida, H. Matsumiya, Tomoyuki Matsuyama, J. N. Matthews, R. Mayta, M. Minamino, K. Mukai, I. Myers, S. Nagataki, Kei Nakai, R. Nakamura, T. Nakamura, Y. Nakamura, T. Nonaka, Hiroyuki Oda, S. Ogio, M. Ohnishi, H. Ohoka, Yuya Oku, T. Okuda, Y. Omura, M. Ono, R. Onogi, A. Oshima, S. Ozawa, I. H. Park, М. С. Пширков, J. Remington, D. C. Rodriguez, Г. Рубцов, Dongsu Ryu, Hiroyuki Sagawa, Ryosuke Sahara, Yoshinori Saito, Н. Сакаки, T. Sako, N. Sakurai, Kei Sano, K. Satô, T. Seki, K. Sekino, P. D. Shah, F. Shibata, N. Shibata, T. Shibata, Hidetoshi Shimodaira, B. K. Shin, H. S. Shin, Daiki Shinto, J. D. Smith, P. Sokolsky, Naohiro Sone, B. T. Stokes, T. A. Stroman, T. Suzawa, Y. Takagi, Y. Takahashi, M. Takamura, Masatoshi Takeda, Ryuji Takeishi, A. Taketa, M. Takita, Y. Tameda, H. Tanaka, K. Tanaka, M. Tanaka, Yuta Tanoue, S. B. Thomas, G. B. Thomson, P. Tinyakov, I. Tkachev, H. Tokuno, T. Tomida, S. Troitsky, Ryosuke Tsuda, Y. Tsunesada, Y. Uchihori, S. Udo, T. Uehama, F. Urban, Tony Wong, Kohei Yada, M. Yamamoto, K. Yamazaki, J. Yang, K. Yashiro, F. Yoshida, Yana Zhezher, Z. Zundel,

Dark Matter and Cosmic Phenomena

Telescope Array (TA) is the largest ultrahigh energy cosmic-ray (UHECR) observatory in the Northern Hemisphere. It explores the origin of UHECRs by measuring their energy spectrum, arrival-direction distribution, and mass composition using a surface detector (SD) array covering approximately 700 km2 and fluorescence detector (FD) stations. TA has found evidence for a cluster of cosmic rays with energies greater than 57 EeV. In order to confirm this evidence with more data, it is necessary to increase the data collection rate. We have begun building an expansion of TA that we call TAx4. In this paper, we explain the motivation, design, technical features, and expected performance of the TAx4 SD. We also present TAx4’s current status and examples of the data that have already been collected.