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Comprehensive genomic insight deciphers significance of EF-hand gene family in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.]

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 148; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.sajb.2022.01.008

1727-9321

Ashima Nehra, Punam Kundu, Kirti Ahlawat, Ashmita Chhikara, Niraj Agarwala, Narendra Tuteja, Sarvajeet Singh Gill, Ritu Gill,

Plant-Microbe Interactions and Immunity

As a signaling molecule, calcium plays a vital role in the intracellular signaling in plants in response to various physiological and environmental factors. Signaling processes start just after stimulus-receptor interaction, and these signals are relayed and decoded by a range of calcium-binding proteins. The majority of calcium-binding proteins comprise the EF-hand motif with a helix-loop-helix structure. This study reports genome-wide analysis of EF-hand (SiEF-hand) gene family in foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.]. The analysis resulted in the identification of 180 SiEF-hand genes. Further, we carried out phylogenetic, gene structure and motif analysis that resulted in clustering of the SiEF-hand genes in 13 clades broadly as per different subfamilies - calmodulins (CaMs), calmodulins-like proteins (CMLs), calcium-dependent proteins (CDPKs), calcineurin B-like (CBLs), respiratory burst oxidase homologs (Rboh) and others. The domain architecture analysis highlighted 24 different domain compositions. Further, SiEF-hand genes are mapped to all nine chromosomes with uneven distribution. Cis-regulatory element analysis showed the presence of multiple stress and hormone-responsive elements in the promoter region of SiEF-hand genes. The most abundant cis-regulatory elements in SiEF-hand genes are ABRE, TGACG-motif, G-box, MYC, and MYB. Expression profiling of SiEF-hand genes in different tissues leaf, root, stem, and tassel inflorescence revealed differential expression patterns. Further, 8 SiEF-hand genes exhibited tissue-specific expression - four are expressed in roots and four in tassel inflorescences. In a nutshell, the present study provides a detailed insight into the SiEF-hand gene family and may serve as a base for further characterization of Ca2+ sensors.