Portal de Periódicos da CAPES

Animal Consciousness

2017; European Food Safety Authority; Volume: 14; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês

10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.en-1196

2397-8325

Pierre Le Neindre, Émilie Bernard, Alain Boissy, Xavier Boivin, Ludovic Calandreau, Nicolas Delon, Bertrand L. Deputte, Sonia Desmoulin‐Canselier, Muriel Dunier, Nathan Faivre, Martín Giurfa, Jean‐Luc Guichet, Léa Lansade, Raphaël Larrère, Pierre Mormède, Patrick Prunet, Benoı̂st Schaal, Jacques Servière, Claudia Terlouw,

Insect and Pesticide Research

EFSA Supporting PublicationsVolume 14, Issue 4 1196E External scientific reportOpen Access Animal Consciousness Pierre Le Neindre, Pierre Le Neindre INRA, 75338 Paris Cedex 07, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorEmilie Bernard, Emilie Bernard UMR Pegase, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, 35590 Saint Gilles, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAlain Boissy, Alain Boissy UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorXavier Boivin, Xavier Boivin UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorLudovic Calandreau, Ludovic Calandreau UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements INRA Val de Loire-CNRS-Université de Tours-IFCE, 37380 Nouzilly, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorNicolas Delon, Nicolas Delon Environmental Studies and Animal Studies, New York University, USASearch for more papers by this authorBertrand Deputte, Bertrand Deputte Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 94704 Maisons Alfort Cedex, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorSonia Desmoulin-Canselier, Sonia Desmoulin-Canselier UMR 6297 Droit et Changement Social, CNRS-Faculté de Droit et Sciences Politiques, 44313 Nantes Cedex 3, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorMuriel Dunier, Muriel Dunier Délégation à l'Expertise scientifique collective, à la Prospective et aux Etudes (DEPE), INRA, 75338 Paris Cedex 07, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorNathan Faivre, Nathan Faivre UMR 8174, Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, CNRS, 75647 Paris Cedex 13, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorMartin Giurfa, Martin Giurfa UMR 5169, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorJean-Luc Guichet, Jean-Luc Guichet CAREF, Ecole Supérieure du Professorat et de l'Education de Beauvais, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 60000, Beauvais, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorLéa Lansade, Léa Lansade UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements INRA Val de Loire-CNRS-Université de Tours-IFCE, 37380 Nouzilly, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorRaphaël Larrère, Raphaël Larrère INRA, UR RITME, 94205 Ivry-sur-Seine, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorPierre Mormède, Pierre Mormède UMR 1388 INRA-INPT GenPhySE-Université de Toulouse-ENVT, 31320 Castanet Tolosan, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorPatrick Prunet, Patrick Prunet UR 1037 Laboratoire de Physiologie et génomique des Poissons, INRA, 35042 Rennes Cedex, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorBenoist Schaal, Benoist Schaal Centre des Sciences du Goût, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté-INRA, 21000 Dijon, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorJacques Servière, Jacques Servière INRA-AgroParisTech, 75005 Paris, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorClaudia Terlouw, Claudia Terlouw UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, FranceSearch for more papers by this author Pierre Le Neindre, Pierre Le Neindre INRA, 75338 Paris Cedex 07, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorEmilie Bernard, Emilie Bernard UMR Pegase, INRA, Agrocampus Ouest, 35590 Saint Gilles, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorAlain Boissy, Alain Boissy UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorXavier Boivin, Xavier Boivin UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorLudovic Calandreau, Ludovic Calandreau UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements INRA Val de Loire-CNRS-Université de Tours-IFCE, 37380 Nouzilly, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorNicolas Delon, Nicolas Delon Environmental Studies and Animal Studies, New York University, USASearch for more papers by this authorBertrand Deputte, Bertrand Deputte Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, 94704 Maisons Alfort Cedex, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorSonia Desmoulin-Canselier, Sonia Desmoulin-Canselier UMR 6297 Droit et Changement Social, CNRS-Faculté de Droit et Sciences Politiques, 44313 Nantes Cedex 3, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorMuriel Dunier, Muriel Dunier Délégation à l'Expertise scientifique collective, à la Prospective et aux Etudes (DEPE), INRA, 75338 Paris Cedex 07, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorNathan Faivre, Nathan Faivre UMR 8174, Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne, CNRS, 75647 Paris Cedex 13, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorMartin Giurfa, Martin Giurfa UMR 5169, Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition Animale, CNRS-Université Paul Sabatier Toulouse III, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorJean-Luc Guichet, Jean-Luc Guichet CAREF, Ecole Supérieure du Professorat et de l'Education de Beauvais, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 60000, Beauvais, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorLéa Lansade, Léa Lansade UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements INRA Val de Loire-CNRS-Université de Tours-IFCE, 37380 Nouzilly, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorRaphaël Larrère, Raphaël Larrère INRA, UR RITME, 94205 Ivry-sur-Seine, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorPierre Mormède, Pierre Mormède UMR 1388 INRA-INPT GenPhySE-Université de Toulouse-ENVT, 31320 Castanet Tolosan, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorPatrick Prunet, Patrick Prunet UR 1037 Laboratoire de Physiologie et génomique des Poissons, INRA, 35042 Rennes Cedex, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorBenoist Schaal, Benoist Schaal Centre des Sciences du Goût, CNRS-Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté-INRA, 21000 Dijon, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorJacques Servière, Jacques Servière INRA-AgroParisTech, 75005 Paris, FranceSearch for more papers by this authorClaudia Terlouw, Claudia Terlouw UMR 1213 Herbivores, INRA, Vetagro Sup, Centre Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, 63122 Saint-Genès Champanelle, FranceSearch for more papers by this author First published: 24 April 2017 https://doi.org/10.2903/sp.efsa.2017.EN-1196Citations: 14 Question number: EFSA-Q-2015-00390 Disclaimer: The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors. AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat References Allen, C.; Trestman, M. Animal Consciousness. In: Zalta, E.N., ed. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Full text Antoine, S., 2005. Rapport sur le régime juridique de l'animal: Ministère de la justice, 50 p. Full text [consulted on: 2016/10/14] Blay-Grabarczyk, K., 2015. L'émergence d'une communauté des vues quant au statut juridique protecteur de l'animal: les pistes de réflexion sur sa possible prise en compte par la Cour EDH. Revue semestrielle de droit animalier, 2: 365– 386. Full text Bernard, C. 1865. Introduction à l'étude de la médecine expérimentale. Paris: Livre de Poche, 2008. (Les classiques de la philosophie). Boisseau-Sowinski, L., 2015. Les limites à l'évolution de la considération juridique de l'animal: la difficile conciliation des intérêts de l'homme et de ceux des animaux. Tracés, 2015 ( 2): 199– 221. Boivin, X.; Bensoussan, S.; L'Hotellier, N.; Bignon, L.; Brives, H.; Brulé, A.; Godet, J.; Grannec, M.-L.; Hausberger, M.; Kling-Eveillard, F.; Tallet, C.; Courboulay, V., 2012. Humans and livestock animals at work: toward a multidisciplinary approach of relational practices. Inra productions animales, 25 (2): 159– 168. Campan, R.; Scapini, F. 2002. Éthologie. Paris: De Boeck Supérieur,. (Ouvertures psychologiques). Comité consultatif commun d'éthique pour la recherche agronomique, 2015. Avis n°7 sur le bien-être des animaux d'élevage. Paris: Inra Cirad, 27 p. Full Text [consulted on: 2016/05/02] Cour de cassation civile chambre civile Audience publique du mercredi 9 décembre 2015. (N°14-25.910). Legifrance, 2015. Full text [consulted on: 2016/05/02] Denis, B. 2015. Éthique des relations homme/animal: pour une juste mesure. Paris: Édition France Agricole,. Desmoulin-Canselier, S., 2009. Quel droit pour les animaux ? Quel statut juridique pour l'animal ? Pouvoirs, 131 (Les animaux): 43– 56. Full text [consulted on: 2016/06/17] Desmoulin, S., 2005. L'animal, entre science et droit. Droit, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris. 685 p. Digard, J.-P. 2009. L'Homme et les animaux domestiques. Paris: Fayard. (Sciences humaines). De Waal F. 2016. Are we smart enough to know how smart animals are? Granta Publications, UK, 340 p. Dubos, O.; Marguénaud, J.-P., 2009. La protection internationale et européenne des animaux. Pouvoirs, 131 (4): 113– 126. Full text Evola, C., s.d. 2016. Les scientifiques reconnaissent que les animaux aussi sont conscients ! Fondation Ian Somerhalder. Full text [consulted on: 2016/03/06] Gaillard, S.; Gibert, M.; Desaulniers, É.; SPCA, 2015. Manifeste pour une évolution du statut juridique des animaux dans le Code civil du Québec Les animaux ne sont pas des choses. Full text [consulted on: 2016/03/08] Gouabault, E.; Burton-Jeangros, C., 2010. L'ambivalence des relations humain-animal: une analyse socio-anthropologique du monde contemporain. Sociologie et sociétés, 42 (1): 299– 324. Full text Guillaumin, A.; Dockès, A.-C.; Tchakérian, E.; Daridan, D.; Gallot, S.; Hennion, B.; Lasnier, A.; Perrot, C., 2008. Demandes de la société et multifonctionnalité de l'agriculture: attitudes et pratiques des agriculteurs. Le courrier de l'environnement de l'Inra, 56 (56): 45– 66. Full text Hernandez-Zakine, C., 2014. L'animal: lame de fond sociétale. Un animal bien traité peut-il encore être mangé ? Paris: saf agr'iDées, 14 p. Full text [consulted on: 2016/05/02] Inchauspé, I., 2014. Les animaux tentent une entrée au code civil. L'opinion. Full text [consulted on: 2016/05/02] Farjat, G., 2002. Entre les personnes et les choses, les centres d'intérêts. Prolégomènes pour une recherche. R.T.D. Civ: 221- 243. Lachance, M.; Fiorentino, A.; Bourgine-Renson, M., 2015. La réforme du statut juridique de l'animal au Québec. Revue semestrielle de droit animalier, 2: 161– 172. Full text Le Neindre, P.; Guatteo, R.; Guémené, D.; Guichet, J.-L.; Latouche, K.; Leterrier, C.; Levionnois, O.; Mormède, P.; Prunier, A.; Serrie, A.; Servière, J., 2009. Douleurs animales: les identifier, les comprendre, les limiter chez les animaux d'élevage. Paris: Inra - Expertise scientifique collective, 399 p. Full text Le Neindre, P.; Guatteo, R.; Guémené, D.; Guichet, J.-L.; Latouche, K.; Leterrier, C.; Levionnois, O.; Mormède, P.; Prunier, A.; Serrie, A.; Servière, J., 2014. Animal pain: identifying, understanding an minimising pain in farm animals. Advances in animal biosciences, 5 (3): 281– 348. Full text Lecointre, G.; Le Guyader, G. 2006. Classification phylogénétique du vivant. 3e ed. Paris: Belin. Legifrance Loi n° 2015-177 du 16 février 2015 relative à la modernisation et à la simplification du droit et des procédures dans les domaines de la justice et des affaires intérieures. (N°2961). Full text [consulted on: 2016/06/17] Lesage, M., 2013. Statut et droits de l'animal d'élevage en France: évolution, enjeux et perspectives. Analyse, 58. Full text [consulted on: 2016/06/17] Libchaber, R., 2014. La souffrance et les droits. A propos d'un statut de l'animal. Recueil Dalloz: 380– 388. Loiseau, G., 2006. Pour un droit des choses. Recueil Dalloz, 44: 3015– 3020. Low, P., 2012. The Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness. Francis Crick Memorial Conference on Consciousness in Human and non-Human Animals. Churchill College, University of Cambridge, 2 p. Full text [consulted on: 2016/03/06] Malinvaud, P., 2015. L'animal va-t-il s'égarer dans le code civil ? Recueil Dalloz, ( 2): 87– 88. Mallet-Bricout, B.; Reboul-Maupin, N., 2014. Droit des biens, juin 2013 – juin 2014. Recueil Dalloz, 32 (7613): 1844– 1855. Martin, M. 2015 Vers un genre juridique commun à l'animal, l'embryon et le cadavre ? Revue générale de droit. Blog. Full text [consulted on: 2016/10/14] Marguénaud, J.-P., 1998. La personnalité juridique des animaux. Recueil Dalloz: 205. Marguénaud, J.-P., 2015. Une révolution théorique: l'extraction masquée des animaux de la catégorie des biens. La semaine juridique, 10-11: 495– 501. Matignon, K.L., 2013. La condition animale, un enjeu sociétal et une révolution en marche. Huffington Post - les blogs. Full text [consulted on: 2016/04/12] Paradis, P. 2015 Projet de loi n°54: Loi visant l'amélioration de la situation juridique de l'animal. Full text [consulted on: 2016/05/02] Porcher, J., 2001. L'élevage, un partage de sens entre hommes et animaux: intersubjectivité des relations entre éleveurs et animaux dans le travail. Ruralia ( 9): 6 p. Full text Radio-Canada; La presse canadienne, 2015. Québec dépose un projet de loi pour mieux protéger les animaux. Full text [consulted on: 2016/05/02] Veissier, I.; Sarignac, C.; Capdeville, J., 1999. Methods to assess the welfare of domestic animals. Productions Animales, 12 (2): 113– 121. Allen, C.; Bekoff, M. Species of mind. The philosophy and biology of cognitive ethology. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1997. Andrews, K. Do apes read minds? toward a new folk psychology. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2012. Block, N., 1995. How many concepts of consciousness. Behavioural and Brain Sciences, 18 (2): 272– 287. Full text Burgat, F. Animal, mon prochain. Paris: O. Jacob, 1997. Canguilhem, G., 1969. Machine et organisme. La connaissance de la vie. 2e éd. rev. et augm. Paris: J. Vrin, 124-159 (Problèmes et controverses). Carruthers, P. Phenomenal consciousness: a naturalistic theory. Cambridge, UK, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2000. Carruthers, P. Consciousness essays from a higher-order perspective. Oxford New York: Clarendon Press Oxford University Press, 2005. Cassin, B.; Apter, E.S.; Lezra, J. Dictionary of untranslatables: a philosophical lexicon. Princeton, Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2014. (Translation-Transnation). Chalmers, D.J., 1995. Facing up to the problem of consciousness. Journal of Consciousness Studies, 2 (3): 200– 219. Chalmers, D.J. The conscious mind in search of a fundamental theory. New York, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1996. Philosophy of mind series. Charron, P. 1614. Traité de la sagesse divisé en trois livres. Tome I [-II]. Paris: chez David Douceur, D. Leclerc & Martin Durand. Churchland, P.M., 1995. Eliminative materialism and the prepositional attitudes. In: P.K. Moser; J.D. Trout, eds. Contemporary materialism: a reader. London New York: Routledge, 155– 174. Crick, F.; Koch, C., 2003. A framework for consciousness. Nature Neuroscience, 6 (2): 119– 126. Cuvier, G. 1817. Le Règne animal distribué d'après son organisation, pour servir de base à l'histoire naturelle des animaux et d'introduction à l'anatomie comparée. Tome 1 contenant l'introduction, les mammifères et les oiseaux. Paris: Deterville. Damasio, A.; Meyer, K., 2009. Consciousness: An Overview of the Phenomenon and of Its Possible Neural Basis. In: S. Laureys; G. Tononi, eds. Neurology of Consciousness: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropathology. San Diego: Elsevier-Academic Press Inc, 3– 14. Damasio, A.R., 1999. How the brain creates the mind. Scientific American, 281 (6): 112– 117. Damasio, A.R. Descartes' error: emotion, reason and the human brain. London: Vintage, 2006. Damasio, A.R. Self comes to mind: constructing the conscious brain. New York: Pantheon Books, 2010. Darwin, C. 1859. On the origin of species by means of natural selection, or The preservation of favoured races in the struggle for life. London: J. Murray. Darwin, C. 1871). The descent of man and selection in relation to sex. London; Princeton, NJ: J. Murray; Princeton University Press, 1981. Darwin, C. 1872. The expression of the emotions in man and animals. London; Oxford: J. Murray; Oxford University Press, 1998. de Fontenelle, B. Oeuvres complètes, Tome 9, Oeuvres diverses. Paris: Fayard, 2001. (Corpus des oeuvres de philosophie en langue française). de Montaigne, M. Essais - livres I et II (1580-1582); livre III (1588). DeGrazia, D. Taking animals seriously. Mental life and moral status. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996. DeGrazia, D., 2009. Self-awareness in animals. In: R.W. Lurz, ed. The Philosophy of Animal Minds. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press, 201– 217. Dehaene S. 2014. Consciousness and the brain deciphering how the brain codes our thoughts. New York, Viking. Dehaene S.; Changeux J.P., 2011. Experimental and theoretical approaches to conscious processing. Neuron, 70 (2): 200– 227. Full text Dennett D.C. Consciousness explained. New York: Back Bay Books/Little, Brown and Company, 1991. Dennett, D.C. Darwin's dangerous idea. Evolution and the meanings of life. London: Penguin press, 1995. Descartes R. (1641). Réponses aux sixièmes objections. Œuvres philosophiques. Paris: Classiques Garnier, 1973. Descartes R. (1596-1650). Oeuvres de Descartes. Paris: J. Vrin, 1996. Descola P. Par-delà nature et culture. Paris: Gallimard, 2005. Diderot D. et d'Alembert (1751). Encyclopédie, ou Dictionnaire raisonné des sciences, des arts et des métiers, par une société de gens de lettres. […].. Dretske F.I. Naturalizing the mind. Cambridge, MA: MIT press, 1995. (The Jean Nicod lectures). Gazzaniga M. Who's in Charge? Free Will and the Science of the Brain. Little, Brown Book Group, London, UK, 2012. Godfrey-Smith P., 2016. Animal evolution and the origins of experience. In: D.L. Smith, ed. How biology shapes philosophy: new foundations for naturalism. Cambridge: Cambridge university press, 51– 71. Full text Graziano M.S.A. Consciousness and the Social Brain. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2013. Griffin D.R. The question of animal awareness: evolutionary continuity of mental experience. New York: Rockefeller University Press, 1976. Grim P. Philosophy of mind: brains, consciousness, and thinking machines. The Teaching Company. 2008. Guichet J.-L. Rousseau, l'animal et l'homme: l'animalité dans l'horizon anthropologique des Lumières. Paris: Les éditions du Cerf, 2006. Guichet J.-L. Problématiques animales. Théorie de la connaissance, anthropologie, éthique et droit, Paris, PUF, 2011 Jorgensen L.M., 2014. Seventeenth-Century theories of consciousness. In: E.N. Zalta, ed. The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Stanford USA, Full text Labarrière J.-L. Langage, vie politique et mouvements des animaux. Études aristotéliciennes. Paris: Vrin, 2004.. Labarrière J.-L. La condition animale. Études sur Aristote et les Stoïciens. Leuven: Peeters, 2005. Lamarck J.-B.d.M.d. (1815). Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertèbres présentant les caractères généraux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales espèces qui s'y rapportent. Paris: Verdière. Lamarck J.-B.d.M.d. (1809). Philosophie zoologique. Paris: Union générale d'éditions, 1968. Lamme V.A.F., 2010. What introspection has to offer, and where its limits lie Reply to Commentaries. Cognitive Neuroscience, 1 (3): 232– 235. Full text Laureys S.; Tononi G. The neurology of consciousness: cognitive neuroscience and neuropathology. Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier-Academic Press, 2009. Leroy C.-G. Lettres philosophiques sur l'intelligence et la perfectibilité des animaux, avec quelques lettres sur l'homme. Par Charles-Georges Leroy sous le nom du phisicien de Nuremberg. […]. Paris: Imprimerie de Valade. Leroy C.-G.; Sigaut F. L'intelligence des animaux selon Charles-Georges Leroy (1723-1789). Paris: Ibis Press, 2002. Lurz R.W. Mindreading animals the debate over what animals know about other minds. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2011. Malebranche N.d. (1712). De la Recherche de la vérité: Livre III, de l'entendement ou de l'esprit pur; Livre IV, des inclinations; Livre V, des passions. A Paris: chez la veuve Savoye. Metzinger, T. The ego tunnel: the science of the mind and the myth of the self. New York: Basic Books, 2009. Morgan, C.L. (1898). An introduction to comparative psychology with diagrams. London: W. Scott. Nagel, T., 1974. What is it like to be a bat? Philosophical Review, 83 (October): 435– 50. Nagel, T. Mortal questions. Cambridge, UKNew York: Cambridge University Press, 1979. Offray de La Mettrie, J. (1750). Réflexions philosophiques sur l'origine des animaux. Corpus n°5-6. 167– 179. Parker, K.L., 2015. Timing Tasks Synchronize Cerebellar and Frontal Ramping Activity and Theta Oscillations: Implications for Cerebellar Stimulation in Diseases of Impaired Cognition. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 6: 190. Full text Romanes, G.J. (1883). Animal Intelligence. 3d ed. New York: D. Appleton & Company. Rousseau, J.J. (1755). Discours sur l'origine et le fondement de l'inégalité parmi les hommes. Paris, Gallimard, Collection La Pléiade, 1964. Singer, P. (1976). Animal Liberation A New Ethics for Our Treatment of Animals. Revised edition. London: Jonathan Cape, 1990. Sober, E., 2000. Evolution and the problem of other minds. Journal of Philosophy, 97 (7): 365– 386. Full text Thorndike E.L. 1898 Animal intelligence: an experimental study of the associative processes in animals. Psychological Review, Monograph Supplements, n°8, MacMillan, New York. Tononi, G., 2004. An information integration theory of consciousness. BMC Neuroscience, 5 (1): 1– 22. Full text Tononi, G., 2008. Consciousness as integrated information: a provisional manifesto. The Biological Bulletin, 215 (3): 216– 242. Tononi, G., 2012. Integrated information theory of consciousness: an updated account. Archives Italiennes de Biologie, 150 (4): 290– 326. Tononi, G.; Laureys, S., 2009. The Neurology of Consciousness: An Overview. The Neurology of Consciousness. San Diego: Academic Press, 375– 412. Full text Tye, M. Consciousness, color and content. Cambridge, MA, London: MIT Press, 2000.. Varner, G.E. Personhood, ethics, and animal cognition situating animals in Hare's two level utilitarianism. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012. Aaronson S. Why I am not an integrated information theorist (or, the unconscious expander). Shtetl-optimized:The blog of Scott Aaronson. 2014. Full text Alkire M.T.; Hudetz A.G.; Tononi G., 2008. Consciousness and Anesthesia. Science, 322 (5903): 876– 880. Full text Aru J.; Bachmann T.; Singer W.; Melloni L., 2012. Distilling the neural correlates of consciousness. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 36 (2): 737– 746. Full text Baars B.J. A Cognitive theory of consciousness. Cambridge, UK New York: Cambridge University Press, 1988. Barrett L.F.; Simmons W.K., 2015. Interoceptive predictions in the brain. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 16 (7): 419– 429. Full text Bateman D.E., 2001. Neurological assessment of coma. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 71: 13– 17. Bekinschtein T.A.; Dehaene S.; Rohaut B.; Tadel F.O.; Cohen L.; Naccache L., 2009. Neural signature of the conscious processing of auditory regularities. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 106 (5): 1672– 1677. Full text Bernardi G.; Siclari F.; Yu X.Q.; Zennig C.; Bellesi M.; Ricciardi E.; Cirelli C.; Ghilardi M.F.; Pietrini P.; Tononi G., 2015. Neural and Behavioral Correlates of Extended Training during Sleep Deprivation in Humans: Evidence for Local, Task-Specific Effects. Journal of Neuroscience, 35 (11): 4487– 4500. Full text Biederma. I, 1972. Perceiving real-world scenes. Science, 177 (4043): 77– 80. Full text Blanke O., 2012. Multisensory brain mechanisms of bodily self-consciousness. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 13 (8): 556– 571. Full text Blanke O.; Faivre N.; Dieguez S., 2015. Leaving body and life behind: Out-of-body and near-death experience. In: Laureys S.; Gosseries O.; Tononi G., eds. The Neurology of Consciousness: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropathology . 2nd ed.: Elsevier, 323– 347. Full text Blumenfeld H., 2005. Cellular and network mechanisms of spike-wave seizures. Epilepsia, 46: 21– 33. Full text Blumenfeld H.; Taylor J., 2003. Why do seizures cause loss of consciousness? Neuroscientist, 9 (5): 301– 310. Full text Bor D.; Seth A.K., 2012. Consciousness and the prefrontal parietal network: insights from attention, working memory, and chunking. Frontiers in Psychology, 3: 14. Full text Brown E.N.; Purdon P.L.; Van Dort C.J., 2011. Anesthesia and Altered States of Arousal: A Systems Neuroscience Analysis. In: Hyman S.E.; Jessell T.M.; Shatz C.J.; Stevens C.F.; Zoghbi H.Y., eds. Annual Review of Neuroscience, Vol 34. Palo Alto: Annual Reviews (Annual Review of Neuroscience), 601– 628. Full text Brown L.K., 2012. Can sleep deprivation studies explain why human adults sleep? Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, 18 (6): 541– 545. Full text Brown R.E.; Basheer R.; McKenna J.T.; Strecker R.E.; McCarley R.W., 2012. Control of sleep and wakefulness. Physiological Reviews, 92 (3): 1087– 1187. Full text Bullier J., 2001. Integrated model of visual processing. Brain Research Reviews, 36 (2-3): 96– 107. Full text Chennu S.; Bekinschtein T.A., 2012. Arousal modulates auditory attention and awareness: insights from sleep, sedation, and disorders of consciousness. Frontiers in Psychology, 3: 9. Full text Clark A., 2013. Whatever next? Predictive brains, situated agents, and the future of cognitive science. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 36 (3): 181– 204. Full text Cohen M.A.; Cavanagh P.; Chun M.M.; Nakayama K., 2012. The attentional requirements of consciousness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16 (8): 411– 417. Full text Crick F.; Koch C., 1995. Are we aware of neural activity in primary visual-cortex. Nature, 375 (6527): 121– 123. Full text Crick F.; Koch C., 1998. Constraints on cortical and thalamic projections: The no-strong-loops hypothesis. Nature, 391 (6664): 245– 250. Full text Damasio A.R. Self comes to mind: constructing the conscious brain. New York: Pantheon Books, 2010. De Brigard F.; Prinz J., 2010. Attention and consciousness. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews-Cognitive Science, 1 (1): 51– 59. Full text Dehaene S.; Changeux J.P., 2011. Experimental and theoretical approaches to conscious processing. Neuron, 70 (2): 200– 227. Full text Dehaene S.; Changeux J.-P.; Naccache L.; Sackur J.; Sergent C., 2006. Conscious, preconscious, and subliminal processing: a testable taxonomy. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 10 (5): 204– 211. Full text Dehaene S.; Kersz