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Face mask or laryngeal mask during positive pressure ventilation for term newborns: Is one preferable than the other?

2022; Elsevier BV; Volume: 171; Linguagem: Inglês

10.1016/j.resuscitation.2022.01.002

1873-1570

Georg M. Schmölzer,

Neuroscience of respiration and sleep

Most newborn infants successfully make the transition from fetal to neonatal life without help. 1. Wyckoff M.H. Singletary E.M. Soar J. et al. International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Resuscitation. 2021; 169: 229-311https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.10.040 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar However, 10% of newborn infants fail to initiate spontaneous breathing at birth and need respiratory support in first minutes after birth. 1. Wyckoff M.H. Singletary E.M. Soar J. et al. International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Resuscitation. 2021; 169: 229-311https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.10.040 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR) and various national guidelines recommend techniques and equipment for neonatal resuscitation. 1. Wyckoff M.H. Singletary E.M. Soar J. et al. International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Resuscitation. 2021; 169: 229-311https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.10.040 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar They all agree that positive pressure ventilation (PPV) is the cornerstone of respiratory support immediately after birth. 1. Wyckoff M.H. Singletary E.M. Soar J. et al. International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Resuscitation. 2021; 169: 229-311https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.10.040 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (11) Google Scholar The goal of PPV is to establish a functional residual capacity, deliver an appropriate tidal volume (VT), achieve effective gas exchange, and stimulate spontaneous breathing. 2. Schmölzer G.M. te Pas A.B. Davis P.G. Morley C.J. Reducing lung injury during neonatal resuscitation of preterm infants. J Pediatr. 2008; 153: 741-745https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2008.08.016 Abstract Full Text Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (117) Google Scholar However, several factors can reduce the effectiveness of PPV including i) poor face-mask technique, ii) spontaneous movements of the baby, iii) distraction of the resuscitator, and iv) procedures (i.e., fitting a hat). 3. Schmölzer G.M. Kamlin C.O.F. Dawson J.A. te Pas A.B. Morley C.J. Davis P.G. Respiratory monitoring of neonatal resuscitation. Arch Dis Childh-Fetal. 2010; 95: F295-F303https://doi.org/10.1136/adc.2009.165878 Crossref PubMed Scopus (103) Google Scholar