First Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Leaf Spot on Aloe vera var. chinensis in Malaysia
2022; American Phytopathological Society; Volume: 106; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês
10.1094/pdis-12-21-2646-pdn
ISSN1943-7692
AutoresYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shifang Li, Khim Phin Chong,
Tópico(s)Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Studies
ResumoHomePlant DiseaseVol. 106, No. 8First Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Leaf Spot on Aloe vera var. chinensis in Malaysia PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Lasiodiplodia theobromae Causing Leaf Spot on Aloe vera var. chinensis in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin ChongYing Wei Khoohttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0927-4289State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100191, ChinaFaculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400 Sabah, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author, Hui Teng Tanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6814-599XKey Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author, Yam Sim Khawhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5867-998XKey Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author, Shi-Fang Lihttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4614-1768State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100191, ChinaKey Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, ChinaSearch for more papers by this author, and Khim Phin Chong†Corresponding author: K. P. Chong; E-mail Address: chongkp@ums.edu.myhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5143-7283Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400 Sabah, MalaysiaSearch for more papers by this author AffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Ying Wei Khoo1 2 Hui Teng Tan3 Yam Sim Khaw3 Shi-Fang Li1 4 Khim Phin Chong2 † 1State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100191, China 2Faculty of Science and Natural Resources, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, 88400 Sabah, Malaysia 3Key Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory, Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, 43400 Selangor, Malaysia 4Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China Published Online:20 Jul 2022https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-12-21-2646-PDNAboutSectionsView articlePDFSupplemental ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat View articleAloe vera L. var. chinensis (Haw.) Berg. (family Asphodelaceae), locally known as ‘Lidah Buaya’, is an economically important plant as the gel from the leaves possesses anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic, antibacterial, and hypoglycemic properties and is used for cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and healing purposes in Malaysia. In July 2021, irregular black sunken spots (3 to 10 mm in diameter) were observed on Lidah Buaya leaves at the leaf development stage in a field in the Penampang district of Sabah province (N5°56′37.1″ E116°04′21.5″). The disease severity was about 30% with 10% incidence. The tissues surrounding the black spots became brown and dry when the plants grew older. No gel was contained in the sunken zones. Symptomatic leaf tissues (5 × 5 mm) were cut from the infected margin, surface sterilized with 75% ethanol for 1 min, washed with 2% NaOCl solution for 1 min, rinsed, and air dried before plating on five potato dextrose agar (PDA) plates (pH 7). Plates were incubated at 25°C for 3 days in the dark. Greyish-white fluffy mycelia were observed, and then became dark gray with age. Dark pigmentation in each plate was produced after a week of incubation at 25°C. A representative isolate Penampang was further characterized morphologically and molecularly. Immature conidia were single-celled, aseptate, ellipsoid and hyaline, measuring 19.4 × 24.5 µm (n = 30). Mature conidia were brown, thick-walled, and one-septate with longitudinal striations, 22.5 × 28.3 µm (n = 30). Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh mycelia of isolate Penampang based on the extraction method described by Khoo et al. (2022), with additional mechanical disruption using a micropestle before heating. KOD One PCR master mix (Toyobo, Japan) containing hot-start modified KOD DNA polymerase was used for PCR amplification. The PCR conditions were 94°C for 10 s, 55°C for 5 s, and 72°C for 2 s, for 30 cycles, and initial denaturation of 94°C for 3 min and a final extension step of 72°C for 5 min. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA and tubulin (TUB) genes were amplified using ITS1/ITS4 and T10/Bt2b primer sets, respectively (O’Donnell and Cigelnik 1997; White et al. 1990). The products were then sent to Apical Scientific Sdn. Bhd. for sequencing. The generated ITS (OK209451) and TUB (OL660667) were 100% identical to L. theobromae isolate MRR-161 and CPC:27690 (GenBank MW282884 and MT592639, respectively) in BLASTn analysis. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood based on the combined ITS and TUB sequences indicated that the isolates formed a supported clade (91% bootstrap value) to the related L. theobromae. The morphological and molecular characterization of the fungus matched L. theobromae described by Pečenka et al. (2021). Mycelial agar plugs (5-mm diameter) from a 7-day-old PDA culture of the Penampang isolate were placed onto pinpricked leaves of three 2-month-old Lidah Buaya plants. Pinpricked leaves of three 2-month-old Lidah Buaya plants received sterile 5-mm-diameter PDA agar plugs to serve as controls. The inoculated plants were covered with plastic for 48 h and incubated at 25°C. All inoculated leaves developed symptoms as described above 6 to 7 days postinoculation, whereas no symptoms occurred on controls, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. The experiments were repeated twice. The reisolated fungus was identical to representative isolate Penampang morphologically and molecularly. L. theobromae was reported previously on A. vera in Cuba (Urtiaga 1986) and India (Mathur 1979). To our knowledge, this is the first report of L. theobromae causing leaf spot on A. vera in Malaysia. The occurrence of this disease emphasizes the importance of disease surveillance in the region. Plant disease management strategies need to be established to reduce losses.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Khoo, Y. W., et al. 2022. Plant Dis. 106:1760. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-10-21-2332-PDN Link, Google ScholarMathur, R. S. 1979. Page 460 in: The Coelomycetes of India. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Sin, Delhi, India. Google ScholarO’Donnell, K., and Cigelnik, E. 1997. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 7:103. https://doi.org/10.1006/mpev.1996.0376 Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarPečenka, J., et al. 2021. Plant Dis. 105:215. https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-02-20-0329-PDN Link, ISI, Google ScholarUrtiaga, R. 1986. Page 176 in: Indice de enfermedades en plantas de Venezuela y Cuba. Impresos Nuevo Siglo, Barquisimeto, Cuba. Google ScholarWhite, T. J., et al. 1990. Page 315 in: PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 106, No. 8 August 2022SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Metrics Article History Issue Date: 29 Jul 2022Published: 20 Jul 2022First Look: 31 Jan 2022Accepted: 28 Jan 2022 Page: 2258 Information© 2022 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordsaloe verafungiLasiodiplodia theobromaeMalaysiaPCR amplificationyield loss and economic impactsThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited ByFirst Report of Colletotrichum siamense Causing Anthracnose on Crinum asiaticum in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong7 October 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. 0First Report of Neopestalotiopsis cubana Causing Leaf Blight on Ixora chinensis in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong31 August 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 10First Report of Anthracnose on ‘Purple Dream’ Solanum melongena in Malaysia Caused by Colletotrichum siamenseYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong8 August 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 106, No. 9First report of Colletotrichum siamense Causing anthracnose on Cinnamomum camphora in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong8 August 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst Report of Leaf Spot on Basella rubra Caused by Fusarium proliferatum in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Yam Sim Khaw, Hui Teng Tan, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong22 July 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst report of Epicoccum sorghinum causing leaf spot on Basella alba in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong22 July 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst Report of Epicoccum sorghinum Causing leaf spot on Bothriochloa ischaemum in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong8 July 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst Report of Fusarium oxysporum Causing leaf spot on Basella rubra in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Yam Sim Khaw, Hui Teng Tan, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong19 June 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst Report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Causing stem canker on Selenicereus megalanthus in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Hui Teng Tan, Yam Sim Khaw, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong31 May 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst report of Macrophomina phaseolina causing leaf blight on Pometia pinnata in MalaysiaYing Wei Khoo, Yam Sim Khaw, Hui Teng Tan, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong17 May 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. jaFirst Report of Stem brown spot on ‘Thai Gold’ Selenicereus megalanthus in Malaysia caused by Nigrospora sphaerica Ying Wei Khoo, Yam Sim Khaw, Hui Teng Tan, Shi-Fang Li, and Khim Phin Chong17 May 2022 | Plant Disease, Vol. 0, No. ja
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