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Increased brain-predicted aging in treated HIV disease

2017; Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Volume: 88; Issue: 14 Linguagem: Inglês

10.1212/wnl.0000000000003790

1526-632X

James H. Cole, Jonathan Underwood, Matthan W.A. Caan, Davide De Francesco, Rosan A van Zoest, Robert Leech, Ferdinand W.N.M. Wit, Peter Portegies, Gert J. Geurtsen, Ben Schmand, Maarten F. Schim van der Loeff, Claudio Franceschi, Caroline Sabin, Charles B.L.M. Majoie, Alan Winston, Peter Reiss, David Sharp, J. Schouten, Katherine W. Kooij, B C Elsenga, F R Janssen, M. Heidenrijk, J. H. N. Schrijver, W Zikkenheiner, Marc van der Valk, A. Henderiks, Neeltje A. Kootstra, A M Harskamp-Holwerda, Irma Maurer, M. M. Mangas Ruiz, Thijs Booiman, A F Girigorie, Julien Villaudy, Esmay Frankin, Alexander Pasternak, Ben Berkhout, T van der Kuyl, Jacqueline A. ter Stege, M. Klein Twennaar, Tanja Su, Esther Siteur-van Rijnstra, Kees Weijer, P H L T Bisschop, Andries Kalsbeek, M. Wezel, I. Visser, Henricus G. Ruhé, Lindiwe Tembo, M Stott, Ken Legg, Alexandra Lovell, Otto Erlwein, N Doyle, Peter J. Norsworthy, Paolo Garagnani, Chiara Pirazzini, Miriam Capri, Fabio Dall’Olio, Mariella Chiricolo, S. Salviol, Jan H.J. Hoeijmakers, Joris Pothof, David M. Burger, M de Graaff-Teulen, Alexander Bürkle, Thilo Sindlinger, María Moreno‐Villanueva, Annett Keller, Maria Prins, Marieke Martens, Solange Moll, Jantien van Berkel, Lars Møller, Gerben-Rienk Visser, S Zaheri, M Hillebregt, Y M C Ruijs, D P Benschop, Magnus Gisslén, D. Fuchs, Henrik Zetterberg, Claude Libert, Sylviane Dewaele, Giovanni Guaraldi,

Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research

Objective: To establish whether HIV disease is associated with abnormal levels of age-related brain atrophy, by estimating apparent brain age using neuroimaging and exploring whether these estimates related to HIV status, age, cognitive performance, and HIV-related clinical parameters. Methods: A large sample of virologically suppressed HIV-positive adults (n = 162, age 45–82 years) and highly comparable HIV-negative controls (n = 105) were recruited as part of the Comorbidity in Relation to AIDS (COBRA) collaboration. Using T1-weighted MRI scans, a machine-learning model of healthy brain aging was defined in an independent cohort (n = 2,001, aged 18–90 years). Neuroimaging data from HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals were then used to estimate brain-predicted age; then brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD = brain-predicted brain age − chronological age) scores were calculated. Neuropsychological and clinical assessments were also carried out. Results: HIV-positive individuals had greater brain-PAD score (mean ± SD 2.15 ± 7.79 years) compared to HIV-negative individuals (−0.87 ± 8.40 years; b = 3.48, p < 0.01). Increased brain-PAD score was associated with decreased performance in multiple cognitive domains (information processing speed, executive function, memory) and general cognitive performance across all participants. Brain-PAD score was not associated with age, duration of HIV infection, or other HIV-related measures. Conclusion: Increased apparent brain aging, predicted using neuroimaging, was observed in HIV-positive adults, despite effective viral suppression. Furthermore, the magnitude of increased apparent brain aging related to cognitive deficits. However, predicted brain age difference did not correlate with chronological age or duration of HIV infection, suggesting that HIV disease may accentuate rather than accelerate brain aging.