Scientific Opinion on the risks to human and animal health related to the presence of beauvericin and enniatins in food and feed
2014; Wiley; Volume: 12; Issue: 8 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3802
ISSN1831-4732
Tópico(s)Pesticide Residue Analysis and Safety
ResumoEFSA JournalVolume 12, Issue 8 3802 OpinionOpen Access Scientific Opinion on the risks to human and animal health related to the presence of beauvericin and enniatins in food and feed EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM), EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)Search for more papers by this author EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM), EFSA Panel on Contaminants in the Food Chain (CONTAM)Search for more papers by this author First published: 07 August 2014 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3802Citations: 139 Panel members: Diane Benford, Sandra Ceccatelli, Bruce Cottrill, Michael Dinovi, Eugenia Dogliotti, Lutz Edler, Peter Farmer, Peter Fürst, Laurentius (Ron) Hoogenboom, Helle Katrine Knutsen, Anne-Katrine Lundebye, Manfred Metzler, Carlo Stefano Nebbia, Michael O'Keeffe, Ivonne Rietjens (until 2 May 2014), Dieter Schrenk, Vittorio Silano, Hendrik van Loveren, Christiane Vleminckx, and Pieter Wester. Correspondence: contam@efsa.europa.eu Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on Fusarium toxins: Bruce Cottrill, Lutz Edler, Gunnar Sundstøl Eriksen, Peter Farmer, Johanna Fink-Gremmels (until 28 January 2014), Jean-Marc Fremy, Yun Yun Gong, Rudolf Krska, Karsten Meyer, Hanspeter Naegeli, Isabelle Oswald, Dominique Parent-Massin, Ivonne Rietjens (until 2 May 2014), Hans van Egmond and Christiane Vleminckx (until 12 November 2013) for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion and EFSA staff: Davide Arcella, Bistra Benkova, Gina Cioacata, Mari Eskola, Petra Gergelova, Juan Manuel Parra Morte, Luisa Ramos Bordajandi and Eniko Varga for the support provided to this scientific opinion. The CONTAM Panel acknowledges all European competent authorities that provided occurrence data on beauvericin and enniatins in food and feed, and supported the consumption data collection for the Comprehensive European Food Consumption Database. The Panel also acknowledges the research laboratories that provided additional occurrence data on beauvericin and enniatins in food and feed. Adoption date: 17 July 2014 Published date: 7 August 2014 Question number: EFSA-Q-2010-00999 On request from: European Commission AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Beauvericin and enniatins are mycotoxins produced by various Fusarium species. The European Commission asked EFSA for a scientific opinion on the risk to human and animal health related to the presence of beauvericin and enniatins in food and feed. A total of 12 685 analytical results for beauvericin and enniatins in food, feed and unprocessed grains were evaluated. For the assessment of enniatins, the sum of enniatins A, A1, B and B1 were considered. The most important contributors to the chronic dietary exposure to beauvericin and the sum of enniatins were 'Grains and grain-based products', especially 'Bread and rolls', 'Fine bakery wares' and 'Pasta (raw)'. Given the lack of relevant toxicity data, a risk assessment was not possible. To obtain some insights in the possible risks of both mycotoxins at the estimated acute dietary exposure levels, these were compared to the LD 50 values of beauvericin and of the drug fusafungine (a mixture of enniatins). For the chronic exposure, an estimate for the LOAEL of fusafungine was considered. The CONTAM Panel concluded that acute exposure to beauvericin and enniatins do not indicate concern for human health. There might be a concern with respect to chronic exposure but no firm conclusion could be drawn, thus relevant in vivo toxicity data are needed to perform a human risk assessment. Animal exposure to beauvericin and enniatins was primarily from consuming cereal grains and cereal by-products. Using the LD 50 values of beauvericin and fusafungine, adverse health effects from the acute exposure to beauvericin and the sum of enniatins for farm and companion animals were unlikely. The chronic exposure for poultry indicated that adverse health effects from beauvericin and enniatins were unlikely. For other considered animals, the lack of LOAELs/NOAELs precluded the estimation of chronic health risk from beauvericin and enniatins. References AFRC (Agricultural and Food Research Council), 1993. Energy and protein requirements of ruminants. 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