Scientific Opinion on canine leishmaniosis
2015; Wiley; Volume: 13; Issue: 4 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4075
ISSN1831-4732
Tópico(s)Insect and Pesticide Research
ResumoEFSA JournalVolume 13, Issue 4 4075 OpinionOpen Access Scientific Opinion on canine leishmaniosis EFSA Panel Animal Health and Welfare, EFSA Panel Animal Health and WelfareSearch for more papers by this author EFSA Panel Animal Health and Welfare, EFSA Panel Animal Health and WelfareSearch for more papers by this author First published: 28 April 2015 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2015.4075Citations: 13 Panel members: Charlotte Berg, Anette Bøtner, Howard Browman, Aline De Koeijer, Klaus Depner, Mariano Domingo, Christian Ducrot, Sandra Edwards, Christine Fourichon, Frank Koenen, Simon More, Mohan Raj, Liisa Sihvonen, Hans Spoolder, Jan Arend Stegeman, Hans-Hermann Thulke, Ivar Vågsholm, Antonio Velarde, Preben Willeberg and Stéphan Zientara. Correspondence: [email protected] Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the Working Group on canine leishmaniosis : Gad Baneth, Patrick Bourdeau, Luigi Gradoni, Aline De Koeijer and Laia Solano-Gallego for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion and the hearing expert: Edith Authie, EFSA staff: José Cortinas Abrahantes, Mattia Calzolari, Sofie Dhollander, and Anna Zuliani for the support provided to this scientific opinion. Adoption date: 11 March 2015 Published date: 28 April 2015 Question number: EFSA-Q-2013-00835 On request from: European Commission AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract This Scientific Opinion presents a characterisation of canine leishmaniosis (CanL) in Europe and its potential for spreading. The efficacy of available preventative measures to protect dogs against CanL was assessed, with the objective of mitigating the probability of introduction of CanL into free areas in the European Union through movement of infected dogs. Several systematic reviews (SRs) of literature were carried out to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines, topically applied insecticides and prophylactic medication. Additionally, SRs on the sensitivity of diagnostic tests and treatment efficacy were carried out to evaluate the possibility of testing and excluding or treating infected dogs to mitigate the risk of introduction into free areas. The probability of introduction and establishment of CanL in a non-endemic region with competent sandflies was estimated, using a stochastic simulation model. The probability of establishment defined as the local transmission of L. infantum from vector to host and vice versa, was very high. The most effective mitigation measure to reduce the probability of introduction and establishment of CanL was topically applied insecticide. Vaccination had only limited effect on the probability of establishment in a non-endemic region. Testing dogs before their introduction into a non-endemic area is of limited value if applied too soon after exposure to infected sandflies, because it takes several months to obtain a positive result after exposure. Test and treatment in the endemic area, prior to movement into a non-endemic area, does not appear to be an efficient and realistic option to mitigate the probability of introduction of CanL, as no treatment against CanL can guarantee to prevent future transmission. It was concluded that the main limitation to CanL spread is represented by the vectors. This reinforces the need for knowledge on the vectorial competence, distribution and abundance of potential vectors of CanL in the EU. References Aguado M, Espinosa P, Romero-Maté A, Tardío JC, Córdoba S, Borbujo J, 2013. Outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Fuenlabrada, Madrid. Actas Dermosifiliogr. Actas Dermosifiliogr, 104, 334– 42. Agut A, Corzo N, Murciano J, Laredo FG and Soler M, 2003. 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