Scientific Opinion on the safety of chromium picolinate as a source of chromium added for nutritional purposes to foodstuff for particular nutritional uses and to foods intended for the general population
2010; Wiley; Volume: 8; Issue: 12 Linguagem: Inglês
10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1883
ISSN1831-4732
Tópico(s)Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
ResumoEFSA JournalVolume 8, Issue 12 1883 OpinionOpen Access Scientific Opinion on the safety of chromium picolinate as a source of chromium added for nutritional purposes to foodstuff for particular nutritional uses and to foods intended for the general population EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS)Search for more papers by this author EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS), EFSA Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food (ANS)Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 December 2010 https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1883Citations: 6 Panel members: F. Aguilar, B. Dusemund, P. Galtier, J. Gilbert, D.M. Gott, S. Grilli, R. Gürtler, J. König, C. Lambré, J-C. Larsen, J-C. Leblanc, A. Mortensen, D. Parent-Massin, I. Pratt, I.M.C.M. Rietjens, I. Stankovic, P. Tobback, T. Verguieva, R.A. Woutersen Correspondence: ans@efsa.europa.eu Acknowledgement: The Panel wishes to thank the members of the ANS Working Group B on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources: M. Bakker, D. Boskou, B. Dusemund, D. Gott, T. Hallas-Møller, A. Hearty, J. König, D. Marzin, D. Parent-Massin, I.M.C.M. Rietjens, G.J.A. Speijers, P. Tobback, T. Verguieva, R.A. Woutersen for the preparatory work on this scientific opinion. Adoption date: 10 November 2010 Published date: 1 December 2010 Question number: EFSA-Q-2009-00763 On request from: European Commission AboutPDF ToolsExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Following a request from the European Commission, the Panel on Food Additives and Nutrient Sources added to Food provides a scientific opinion on the safety of chromium picolinate as a source of chromium added for nutritional purposes to foodstuff for particular nutritional uses (PARNUTS) and to foods intended for the general population, and on the bioavailability of chromium from this source. Chromium picolinate is obtained synthetically. The Panel noted that specifications for chromium(III) picolinate should ensure that levels of chromium(VI) which is a genotoxic carcinogen are as low as possible and at least are such that they result in an adequate margin of exposure. The Panel noted that results of the new genotoxicity studies suggest that in vitro at high concentrations chromium picolinate might cause DNA damage. From long-term carcinogenicity studies, it was concluded that there was equivocal evidence for the carcinogenic activity of chromium picolinate in male rats, and no evidence of carcinogenic activity of chromium picolinate in female rats, and female and male mice. The incidences of preputial gland adenomas were not dose related and did not occur consistently across species, and not across sexes. They are rather common in the rat strain used. Therefore the Panel concluded that a NOAEL could be established. The Panel noted that the margin of safety between the NOAEL of 2400 mg/kg bw/day chromium picolinate, resulting from the long-term study conducted by the NTP, equivalent to 2100 mg/kg bw picolinate/day would amount to at least four orders of magnitude assuming a combined intake of picolinate from all sources. 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